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The development of AI agents based on large, open-domain language models (LLMs) has paved the way for the development of general-purpose AI assistants that can support human in tasks such as writing, coding, graphic design, and scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mustafa Mert Çelikok , Saptarashmi Bandyopadhyay , Robert Loftin

Agents powered by large language models have shown remarkable abilities in solving complex tasks. However, most agent systems remain reactive, limiting their effectiveness in scenarios requiring foresight and autonomous decision-making. In…

Future sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks are envisioned to be equipped with a diverse set of powerful, yet highly specialized, optimization experts. Such a promising vision is concurrently expected to give rise to the need for scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Robert-Jeron Reifert , Alaa Alameer Ahmad , Hayssam Dahrouj , Aydin Sezgin

LLM-based agent applications have shown increasingly remarkable capabilities in complex workflows but incur substantial costs and latency due to extensive planning and reasoning requirements. Existing LLM caching techniques (like context…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Qizheng Zhang , Michael Wornow , Gerry Wan , Kunle Olukotun

With recent advancements in natural language processing, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for various real-world applications. Despite their prowess, the intrinsic generative abilities of LLMs may prove…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jingqing Ruan , Yihong Chen , Bin Zhang , Zhiwei Xu , Tianpeng Bao , Guoqing Du , Shiwei Shi , Hangyu Mao , Ziyue Li , Xingyu Zeng , Rui Zhao

Augmented Reality (AR) systems are increasingly integrating foundation models, such as Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), to provide more context-aware and adaptive user experiences. This integration has led to the development of AR…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Dongwook Choi , Taeyoon Kwon , Dongil Yang , Hyojun Kim , Jinyoung Yeo

Tool agents interact with users through multi-turn dialogues to accomplish various tasks. Recent studies have adopted user simulation methods to develop these agents in multi-turn settings. However, existing user simulators tend to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Jeonghoon Shim , Woojung Song , Cheyon Jin , Seungwon KooK , Yohan Jo

As AI agents transition from research prototypes to enterprise production systems, the tool interfaces they consume remain rooted in human-oriented CRUD paradigms. This paper identifies five fundamental architectural mismatches between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Kai Pan

Open-sourced Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved great success in various NLP tasks, however, they are still far inferior to API-based models when acting as agents. How to integrate agent ability into general LLMs becomes a crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zehui Chen , Kuikun Liu , Qiuchen Wang , Wenwei Zhang , Jiangning Liu , Dahua Lin , Kai Chen , Feng Zhao

Current speech agent interactions are typically user-initiated, limiting the interactions they can deliver. Future functionality will require agents to be proactive, sometimes interrupting users. Little is known about how these spoken…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Justin Edwards , Christian Janssen , Sandy Gould , Benjamin R Cowan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems but often struggle with long, conditional workflows that involve external tool calls and depend on user-specific information. We present Workflow…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Maria Emilia Mazzolenis , Ruirui Zhang

Symbolic world models (e.g., PDDL domains or executable simulators) are central to model-based planning, but training LLMs to generate such world models is limited by the lack of large-scale verifiable supervision. Current approaches rely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mengkang Hu , Bowei Xia , Yuran Wu , Ailing Yu , Yude Zou , Qiguang Chen , Shijian Wang , Jiarui Jin , Kexin Li , Wenxiang Jiao , Yuan Lu , Ping Luo

This paper introduces a multi-agent application system designed to enhance office collaboration efficiency and work quality. The system integrates artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processing technologies,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Songtao Sun , Jingyi Li , Yuanfei Dong , Haoguang Liu , Chenxin Xu , Fuyang Li , Qiang Liu

Large language models increasingly use external tools such as web search and document retrieval to solve information-intensive tasks. However, multi-hop tool use in complex tasks introduces substantial latency, since the model must…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Mehrdad Saberi , Keivan Rezaei , Soheil Feizi

This paper introduces lateral thinking to implement System-2 reasoning capabilities in AI systems, focusing on anticipatory and causal reasoning under uncertainty. We present a framework for systematic generation and modeling of lateral…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Stefan Dernbach , Alejandro Michel , Khushbu Agarwal , Christopher Brissette , Geetika Gupta , Sutanay Choudhury

Despite remarkable advancements in emulating human-like behavior through Large Language Models (LLMs), current textual simulations do not adequately address the notion of time. To this end, we introduce TimeArena, a novel textual simulated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Yikai Zhang , Siyu Yuan , Caiyu Hu , Kyle Richardson , Yanghua Xiao , Jiangjie Chen

Large-language-model (LLM)-based AI agents have recently showcased impressive versatility by employing dynamic reasoning, an adaptive, multi-step process that coordinates with external tools. This shift from static, single-turn inference to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Jiin Kim , Byeongjun Shin , Jinha Chung , Minsoo Rhu

Agentic workflows in large language model systems integrate retrieval, reasoning, and memory, but existing frameworks suffer from scalability and reproducibility limitations due to fragmented data orchestration, serialization overhead, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Arup Kumar Sarker , Mills Staylor , Aymen Alsaadi , Gregor von Laszewski , Shantenu Jha , Geoffrey Fox

This paper presents a temporal expression language for monitoring AI agent behavior, enabling systematic error-detection of LLM-based agentic systems that exhibit variable outputs due to stochastic generation processes. Drawing from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Thomas J Sheffler

Multi-agent frameworks powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated great success in automated planning and task execution. However, the effective adjustment of agentic workflows during execution has not been well studied. An…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Boye Niu , Yiliao Song , Kai Lian , Yifan Shen , Yu Yao , Kun Zhang , Tongliang Liu
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