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Parameter sharing, as an important technique in multi-agent systems, can effectively solve the scalability issue in large-scale agent problems. However, the effectiveness of parameter sharing largely depends on the environment setting. When…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Dapeng Li , Na Lou , Bin Zhang , Zhiwei Xu , Guoliang Fan

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has gained significant interest in recent years, enabling sequential decision-making across multiple agents in various domains. However, most existing explanation methods focus on centralized MARL,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Kayla Boggess , Sarit Kraus , Lu Feng

This paper studies fully decentralized cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning, where each agent solely observes the states, its local actions, and the shared rewards. The inability to access other agents' actions often leads to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chao Li , Bingkun Bao , Yang Gao

In this paper, we propose a distributed zeroth-order policy optimization method for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). Existing MARL algorithms often assume that every agent can observe the states and actions of all the other agents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Yan Zhang , Michael M. Zavlanos

We study a distributed decision-making problem in which multiple agents face the same multi-armed bandit (MAB), and each agent makes sequential choices among arms to maximize its own individual reward. The agents cooperate by sharing their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-08-13 Peter Landgren , Vaibhav Srivastava , Naomi Ehrich Leonard

In Reinforcement Learning (abbreviated as RL), an agent interacts with the environment via a set of possible actions, and a reward is generated from some unknown distribution. The task here is to find an optimal set of actions such that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Aditi Anand , Suman Banerjee , Dildar Ali

This paper addresses key challenges in task scheduling for multi-tenant distributed systems, including dynamic resource variation, heterogeneous tenant demands, and fairness assurance. An adaptive scheduling method based on reinforcement…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Xiaopei Zhang , Xingang Wang , Xin Wang

In a multi-agent environment, In order to overcome and alleviate the non-stationarity of the multi-agent environment, the mainstream method is to adopt the framework of Centralized Training Decentralized Execution (CTDE). This thesis is…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Zeng Da

Exploration efficiency is a challenging problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), as the policy learned by confederate MARL depends on the collaborative approach among multiple agents. Another important problem is the less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Qisheng Wang , Qichao Wang

In this paper, we devise three actor-critic algorithms with decentralized training for multi-agent reinforcement learning in cooperative, adversarial, and mixed settings with continuous action spaces. To this goal, we adapt the MADDPG…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Diego Bolliger , Lorenz Zauter , Robert Ziegler

Due to practical constraints such as partial observability and limited communication, Centralized Training with Decentralized Execution (CTDE) has become the dominant paradigm in cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL).…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Yueheng Li , Guangming Xie , Zongqing Lu

Efficient communication can enhance the overall performance of collaborative multi-agent reinforcement learning. A common approach is to share observations through full communication, leading to significant communication overhead. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Dongkun Huo , Huateng Zhang , Yixue Hao , Yuanlin Ye , Long Hu , Rui Wang , Min Chen

Cooperative multi-agent problems often require coordination between agents, which can be achieved through a centralized policy that considers the global state. Multi-agent policy gradient (MAPG) methods are commonly used to learn such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Xubo Lyu , Amin Banitalebi-Dehkordi , Mo Chen , Yong Zhang

Decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms have become popular in the literature since it allows heterogeneous agents to have their own reward functions as opposed to canonical multi-agent Markov Decision Process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Soumajyoti Sarkar

Offline cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) faces unique challenges due to distributional shifts, particularly stemming from the high dimensionality of joint action spaces and the presence of out-of-distribution joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Dan Qiao , Wenhao Li , Shanchao Yang , Hongyuan Zha , Baoxiang Wang

One approach for improving sample efficiency in cooperative multi-agent learning is to decompose overall tasks into sub-tasks that can be assigned to individual agents. We study this problem in the context of reward machines: symbolic tasks…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Ameesh Shah , Niklas Lauffer , Thomas Chen , Nikhil Pitta , Sanjit A. Seshia

As AI agents evolve, the community is rapidly shifting from single Large Language Models (LLMs) to Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to overcome cognitive bottlenecks in automated research. However, the optimal multi-agent coordination framework…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Shen , Zhenyi Yi , Ziyi Zhao , Lijun Sun , Dongyang Li , Chin-Teng Lin , Yuhui Shi

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can find an optimal policy for a single agent to accomplish a particular task. However, many real-world problems require multiple agents to collaborate in order to achieve a common goal. For example, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jan Corazza , Hadi Partovi Aria , Hyohun Kim , Daniel Neider , Zhe Xu

In this paper, we explore using deep reinforcement learning for problems with multiple agents. Most existing methods for deep multi-agent reinforcement learning consider only a small number of agents. When the number of agents increases,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Arbaaz Khan , Clark Zhang , Daniel D. Lee , Vijay Kumar , Alejandro Ribeiro

In reinforcement learning (RL), rewards of states are typically considered additive, and following the Markov assumption, they are $\textit{independent}$ of states visited previously. In many important applications, such as coverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Manish Prajapat , Mojmír Mutný , Melanie N. Zeilinger , Andreas Krause
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