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This article introduces Perception-Informed Neural Networks (PrINNs), a framework designed to incorporate perception-based information into neural networks, addressing both systems with known and unknown physics laws or differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mehran Mazandarani , Marzieh Najariyan

Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) is a novel multi-task learning framework useful for solving physical problems modeled using differential equations (DEs) by integrating the knowledge of physics and known constraints into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Shivprasad Kathane , Shyamprasad Karagadde

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are one popular approach to incorporate a priori knowledge about physical systems into the learning framework. PINNs are known to be robust for smaller training sets, derive better generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Birgit Hillebrecht , Benjamin Unger

This work establishes rigorous first-of-its-kind upper bounds on the generalization error for the method of approximating solutions to the (d+1)-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations by training depth-2 neural networks trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Sebastien Andre-Sloan , Dibyakanti Kumar , Alejandro F Frangi , Anirbit Mukherjee

We present a unified theoretical framework for analyzing the stability and consistency of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), grounded in operator coercivity, variational formulations, and non-asymptotic perturbation theory. PINNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Ronald Katende

We propose a very general framework for deriving rigorous bounds on the approximation error for physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and operator learning architectures such as DeepONets and FNOs as well as for physics-informed operator…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Tim De Ryck , Siddhartha Mishra

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) can be regarded as general-purpose PDE solvers, but it might be slow to train PINNs on particular problems, and there is no theoretical guarantee of corresponding error bounds. In this manuscript, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Wei Peng , Weien Zhou , Jun Zhang , Wen Yao

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) [4, 10] are an approach for solving boundary value problems based on differential equations (PDEs). The key idea of PINNs is to use a neural network to approximate the solution to the PDE and to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-23 Victorita Dolean , Alexander Heinlein , Siddhartha Mishra , Ben Moseley

Recently, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and their variants have gained significant popularity as a scientific computing method for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), whereas accuracy is still its main shortcoming.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Feng Chen , Yiran Meng , Kegan Li , Chaoran Yang , Jiong Yang

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are machine learning tools that approximate the solution of general partial differential equations (PDEs) by adding them in some form as terms of the loss/cost function of a Neural Network. Most…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-29 Antonio Tadeu Azevedo Gomes , Larissa Miguez da Silva , Frederic Valentin

Physically informed neural networks (PINNs) are a promising emerging method for solving differential equations. As in many other deep learning approaches, the choice of PINN design and training protocol requires careful craftsmanship. Here,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-09 Inbar Seroussi , Asaf Miron , Zohar Ringel

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising numerical method based on deep learning for modeling boundary value problems, showcasing promising results in various fields. In this work, we use PINNs to discretize…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-06-10 Michel Nohra , Steven Dufour

Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have been emerging as a powerful computational tool for solving differential equations. However, the applicability of these models is still in its initial stages and requires more standardization to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Afila Ajithkumar Sophiya , Akarsh K Nair , Sepehr Maleki , Senthil K. Krishnababu

Inverse problems arise almost everywhere in science and engineering where we need to infer on a quantity from indirect observation. The cases of medical, biomedical, and industrial imaging systems are the typical examples. A very high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Ali Mohammad-Djafari

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been widely applied in different fields due to their effectiveness in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, the accuracy and efficiency of PINNs need to be considerably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Weilong Guan , Kaihan Yang , Yinsheng Chen , Zhong Guan

Despite the great promise of the physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) in solving forward and inverse problems, several technical challenges are present as roadblocks for more complex and realistic applications. First, most existing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Han Gao , Matthew J. Zahr , Jian-Xun Wang

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have gained significant attention for their simplicity and flexibility in engineering and scientific computing. In this study, we introduce a normalized PINN (NPINN) framework to solve a class of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Jichao Ma , Dandan Liu , Jinran Wu , Xi'an Li

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising framework for solving forward and inverse problems governed by differential equations. However, their reliability when used in ill-posed inverse problems remains poorly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 J. Penuela , H. Ouerdane

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have become a promising research direction in the field of solving Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). Dealing with singular perturbation problems continues to be a difficult challenge in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Sen Wang , Peizhi Zhao , Qinglong Ma , Tao Song

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been popularized as a deep learning framework that can seamlessly synthesize observational data and partial differential equation (PDE) constraints. Their practical effectiveness however can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Sifan Wang , Shyam Sankaran , Hanwen Wang , Paris Perdikaris