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Contrastive learning models have demonstrated impressive abilities to capture semantic similarities by aligning representations in the embedding space. However, their performance can be limited by the quality of the training data and its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Amirabbas Afzali , Borna Khodabandeh , Ali Rasekh , Mahyar JafariNodeh , Sepehr kazemi , Simon Gottschalk

Propositional Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is a popular formalism for specifying desirable requirements and security and privacy policies for software, networks, and systems. Yet expressing such requirements and policies in LTL remains…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Priscilla Kyei Danso , Mohammad Saqib Hasan , Niranjan Balasubramanian , Omar Chowdhury

Initially developed for natural language processing (NLP), Transformers are now widely used for source code processing, due to the format similarity between source code and text. In contrast to natural language, source code is strictly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Nadezhda Chirkova , Sergey Troshin

Probing is popular to analyze whether linguistic information can be captured by a well-trained deep neural model, but it is hard to answer how the change of the encoded linguistic information will affect task performance. To this end, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Jiannan Xiang , Huayang Li , Defu Lian , Guoping Huang , Taro Watanabe , Lemao Liu

Preference optimization techniques, such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), are frequently employed to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in domains like mathematical reasoning and coding, typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Fangkai Jiao , Geyang Guo , Xingxing Zhang , Nancy F. Chen , Shafiq Joty , Furu Wei

LLMs often require adaptation to domain-specific requirements, a process that can be expensive when relying solely on SFT. We present an empirical study on applying CPO to simulate a post-editing workflow for data-efficient domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Inacio Vieira , Antonio Castaldo , James O'Doherty , Sheila Castilho

Data profiling is critical in machine learning for generating descriptive statistics, supporting both deeper understanding and downstream tasks like data valuation and curation. This work addresses profiling specifically in the context of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Pankaj Thorat , Adnan Qidwai , Adrija Dhar , Aishwariya Chakraborty , Anand Eswaran , Hima Patel , Praveen Jayachandran

Preference Optimization (PO) techniques are currently one of the state of the art techniques for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on pairwise preference feedback from human annotators. However, in machine translation, this sort of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Nathaniel Berger , Miriam Exel , Matthias Huck , Stefan Riezler

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly exhibit strong reasoning abilities, often attributed to their capacity to generate chain-of-thought-style intermediate reasoning. Recent work suggests that exposure to code can further enhance these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Lukas Twist , Shu Yang , Hanqi Yan , Jingzhi Gong , Di Wang , Helen Yannakoudakis , Jie M. Zhang

While recent benchmarks have spurred a lot of new work on improving the generalization of pretrained multilingual language models on multilingual tasks, techniques to improve code-switched natural language understanding tasks have been far…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Archiki Prasad , Mohammad Ali Rehan , Shreya Pathak , Preethi Jyothi

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse natural language processing tasks, aligning these models with varying human preferences across multiple objectives remains a significant challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Biao Liu , Ning Xu , Junming Yang , Xin Geng

Multi-Objective Alignment (MOA) aims to align LLMs' responses with multiple human preference objectives, with Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) emerging as a prominent approach. However, we find that DPO-based MOA approaches suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Moxin Li , Yuantao Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Wentao Shi , Zhuo Liu , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

Audio large language models (Audio LLMs) exhibit systematic failures in transcribing code-switching speech despite strong multilingual capabilities. Focusing on English-Mandarin, we identify three failure modes: language omission,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Trung Nguyen Quang , Cheng Yi Lewis Won , Minh Duc Pham , Yingxu He , Shuo Sun , Ai Ti Aw

Direct alignment methods are increasingly used for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, these methods suffer from the issues of verbosity and likelihood displacement, which can be driven by the noisy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Peter Chen , Xi Chen , Wotao Yin , Tianyi Lin

Molecular language modeling is an effective approach to generating novel chemical structures. However, these models do not \emph{a priori} encode certain preferences a chemist may desire. We investigate the use of fine-tuning using Direct…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-20 Ryan Park , Ryan Theisen , Navriti Sahni , Marcel Patek , Anna Cichońska , Rayees Rahman

Recent studies have shown that code language models at scale demonstrate significant performance gains on downstream tasks, i.e., code generation. However, most of the existing works on code representation learning train models at a hundred…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Dejiao Zhang , Wasi Ahmad , Ming Tan , Hantian Ding , Ramesh Nallapati , Dan Roth , Xiaofei Ma , Bing Xiang

Current emotional text-to-speech (TTS) models predominantly conduct supervised training to learn the conversion from text and desired emotion to its emotional speech, focusing on a single emotion per text-speech pair. These models only…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Xiaoxue Gao , Chen Zhang , Yiming Chen , Huayun Zhang , Nancy F. Chen

The ability to match pieces of code to their corresponding natural language descriptions and vice versa is fundamental for natural language search interfaces to software repositories. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-perspective…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Rajarshi Haldar , Lingfei Wu , Jinjun Xiong , Julia Hockenmaier

Ensuring that large language models (LLMs) are both helpful and harmless is a critical challenge, as overly strict constraints can lead to excessive refusals, while permissive models risk generating harmful content. Existing approaches,…

Evaluating the performance of Code Language Models (CLMs) for software engineering tasks, especially in multilingual and low-resource programming language settings, poses significant challenges. These challenges are primarily due to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Rohit Dandamudi , Gema Rodríguez-Pérez
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