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Security patches in open-source software, providing security fixes to identified vulnerabilities, are crucial in protecting against cyberattacks. Despite the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) publishes identified vulnerabilities, a vast…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Yaqin Zhou , Jing Kai Siow , Chenyu Wang , Shangqing Liu , Yang Liu

Modern systems operate in multiple contexts making variability a fundamental aspect of Configurable Software Systems (CSSs). Variability, implemented via pre-processor directives (e.g., #ifdef blocks) interleaved with other code and spread…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Karolina M. Milano , Wesley K. G. Assunção , Bruno B. P. Cafeo

Version control relies on commit messages to convey the rationale for code changes, but these messages are often low quality and, more critically, inconsistent with their diffs-known as message-code inconsistency (MCI). MCIs mislead…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Qingyu Zhang , Puzhuo Liu , Peng Di , Chenxiong Qian

With the continuous growth in the scale and complexity of software systems, defect remediation has become increasingly difficult and costly. Automated defect prediction tools can proactively identify software changes prone to defects within…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Liguo Ji , Chenchen Li , Shenglin Wang , Furui Zhan

One single code change can significantly influence a wide range of software systems and their users. For example, 1) adding a new feature can spread defects in several modules, while 2) changing an API method can improve the performance of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Daoyuan Li , Li Li , Dongsun Kim , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé , David Lo , Yves Le Traon

It is increasingly suggested to identify Software Vulnerabilities (SVs) in code commits to give early warnings about potential security risks. However, there is a lack of effort to assess vulnerability-contributing commits right after they…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Triet H. M. Le , David Hin , Roland Croft , M. Ali Babar

Open-source software (OSS) vulnerabilities are increasingly prevalent, emphasizing the importance of security patches. However, in widely used security platforms like NVD, a substantial number of CVE records still lack trace links to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Kaixuan Li , Jian Zhang , Sen Chen , Han Liu , Yang Liu , Yixiang Chen

Code reuse is common in modern software development, but it can also spread vulnerabilities when developers unknowingly copy risky code. The code fragments that preserve the logic of known vulnerabilities are known as vulnerable code clones…

Version Control Systems (VCS) are frequently used to support development of large-scale software projects. A typical VCS repository of a large project can contain various intertwined branches consisting of a large number of commits. If some…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Jaroslav Bendik , Nikola Benes , Ivana Cerna

Code vulnerability detection (CVD) is essential for addressing and preventing system security issues, playing a crucial role in ensuring software security. Previous learning-based vulnerability detection methods rely on either fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Xuefeng Jiang , Lvhua Wu , Sheng Sun , Jia Li , Jingjing Xue , Yuwei Wang , Tingting Wu , Min Liu

Just-in-time defect prediction assigns a defect risk to each new change to a software repository in order to prioritize review and testing efforts. Over the last decades different approaches were proposed in literature to craft more…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Peter Bludau , Alexander Pretschner

Smart contracts are susceptible to various security issues, among which access control (AC) vulnerabilities are particularly critical. While existing research has proposed multiple detection tools, the automatic and appropriate repair of AC…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Lyuye Zhang , Kaixuan Li , Kairan Sun , Daoyuan Wu , Ye Liu , Haoye Tian , Yang Liu

Software vulnerabilities are a serious and crucial concern. Typically, in a program or function consisting of hundreds or thousands of source code statements, there are only a few statements causing the corresponding vulnerabilities. Most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Van Nguyen , Trung Le , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Michael Fu , John Grundy , Hung Nguyen , Seyit Camtepe , Paul Quirk , Dinh Phung

The lack of comprehensive sources of accurate vulnerability data represents a critical obstacle to studying and understanding software vulnerabilities (and their corrections). In this paper, we present an approach that combines heuristics…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Daan Hommersom , Antonino Sabetta , Bonaventura Coppola , Dario Di Nucci , Damian A. Tamburri

Distributed systems frequently encounter consistency violation faults (cvfs), where nodes operate on outdated or inaccurate data, adversely affecting convergence and overall system performance. This study presents a machine learning-based…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Kamal Giri , Amit Garu

Software is prone to bugs and failures. Security bugs are those that expose or share privileged information and access in violation of the software's requirements. Given the seriousness of security bugs, there are centralized mechanisms for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Daito Nakano , Mingyang Yin , Ryosuke Sato , Abram Hindle , Yasutaka Kamei , Naoyasu Ubayashi

Corrective maintenance is crucial to ensure the quality of software, thereby improving reliability and user experience. In a version control system (VCS), developers write commit messages to document their changes and support later…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Syful Islam , Stefano Zacchiroli

Just-in-Time software defect prediction (JIT-SDP) plays a critical role in prioritizing risky code changes during code review and continuous integration. However, existing datasets often suffer from noisy labels and low precision in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Doha Nam , Taehyoun Kim , Duksan Ryu , Jongmoon Baik

The increased adoption of smart contracts in many industries has made them an attractive target for cybercriminals, leading to millions of dollars in losses. Thus, deploying smart contracts with detected vulnerabilities (known to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Pengcheng , Peng , Yun , Qingzhao , Tao , Dawn , Prateek , Sanjeev , Zhuotao , Xusheng

Peer code review has been found to be effective in identifying security vulnerabilities. However, despite practicing mandatory code reviews, many Open Source Software (OSS) projects still encounter a large number of post-release security…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Rajshakhar Paul , Asif Kamal Turzo , Amiangshu Bosu