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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models with external knowledge, and tree-based RAG organizes documents into hierarchical indexes to support queries at multiple granularities. However, existing Tree-RAG methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Ziwen Zhao , Menglin Yang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) by dynamically integrating external knowledge, thereby mitigating hallucinations and strengthening contextual grounding for structured data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Sen Zhao , Lincheng Zhou , Yue Chen , Ding Zou

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge, they still face persistent challenges in retrieval inefficiency and the inability of LLMs to filter out irrelevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ruobing Yao , Yifei Zhang , Shuang Song , Yuhua Liu , Neng Gao , Chenyang Tu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a dominant paradigm for mitigating knowledge hallucination and staleness in large language models (LLMs) while preserving data security. By retrieving relevant evidence from private,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Guohang Yan , Yue Zhang , Pinlong Cai , Ding Wang , Song Mao , Hongwei Zhang , Yaoze Zhang , Hairong Zhang , Xinyu Cai , Botian Shi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) plays a pivotal role in modern large language model applications, with numerous existing frameworks offering a wide range of functionalities to facilitate the development of RAG systems. However, we have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Zhuocheng Zhang , Yang Feng , Min Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for enhancing the capabilities of large language models. However, existing RAG evaluation predominantly focuses on text retrieval and relies on opaque, end-to-end…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Chuan Xu , Qiaosheng Chen , Yutong Feng , Gong Cheng

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems offer a promising approach to reduce hallucinations and improve answer accuracy in large language models (LLMs), a requirement for reliable, financial analysis where answers must be grounded in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Magnus Samuelsen , Wilmer Nyström , Somnath Mazumdar , Mansoor Hussain , Mikkel Strange

Efficient question-answering (QA) over extensive scientific literature is essential for evidence-based engineering decision-making. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is increasingly applied to question-answering over long academic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Rui Yu , Tianyi Wang , Ruixia Liu , Yinglong Wang

We introduce EncouRAGe, a comprehensive Python framework designed to streamline the development and evaluation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems using Large Language Models (LLMs) and Embedding Models. EncouRAGe comprises five…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Jan Strich , Adeline Scharfenberg , Chris Biemann , Martin Semmann

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in many areas but continue to face challenges with complex reasoning tasks, such as Multi-Hop Question Answering (MHQA). MHQA requires integrating evidence from diverse sources while managing intricate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Bolei He , Xinran He , Mengke Chen , Xianwei Xue , Ying Zhu , Zhenhua Ling

We designed a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system to provide large language models with relevant documents for answering domain-specific questions about Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). We extracted over 1,800…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Haojia Sun , Yaqi Wang , Shuting Zhang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made remarkable strides in multimodal tasks such as visual question answering, visual grounding, and complex reasoning. However, they remain limited by static training data, susceptibility to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Chan-Wei Hu , Yueqi Wang , Shuo Xing , Chia-Ju Chen , Suofei Feng , Ryan Rossi , Zhengzhong Tu

Large pre-trained language models have been shown to store factual knowledge in their parameters, and achieve state-of-the-art results when fine-tuned on downstream NLP tasks. However, their ability to access and precisely manipulate…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a framework enabling large language models (LLMs) to enhance their accuracy and reduce hallucinations by integrating external knowledge bases. In this paper, we introduce a hybrid RAG system enhanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Ye Yuan , Chengwu Liu , Jingyang Yuan , Gongbo Sun , Siqi Li , Ming Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves Large Language Models (LLMs) by retrieving supporting documents into the prompt, but existing methods do not explicitly target queries that require fetching multiple documents with substantially…

Agentic retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) formulates question answering as a multi-step interaction between reasoning and information retrieval, and has recently been advanced by reinforcement learning (RL) with outcome-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Tianhua Zhang , Kun Li , Junan Li , Yunxiang Li , Hongyin Luo , Xixin Wu , James Glass , Helen Meng

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a powerful strategy for improving the factual accuracy of models by retrieving external knowledge relevant to queries and incorporating it into the generation process. However, existing approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Soyeong Jeong , Kangsan Kim , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

Leveraging the autonomous decision-making capabilities of large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated superior performance in reasoning tasks. However, despite the success of iterative or agentic retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Wenfeng Feng , Chuzhan Hao , Yuewei Zhang , Guochao Jiang , Jingyi Song , Hao Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are typically evaluated under static assumptions, despite being frequently corrected through user or expert feedback in deployment. Existing evaluation protocols focus on overall accuracy and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Jihwan Bang , Seunghan Yang , Kyuhong Shim , Simyung Chang , Juntae Lee , Sungha Choi

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves large language model reliability by grounding generated responses in external evidence. However, RAG performance depends on the relevance of retrieved passages, the quality of evidence ranking,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Fariba Afrin Irany , Sampson Akwafuo
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