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Detecting uncertainty in large language models (LLMs) is essential for building reliable systems, yet many existing approaches are overly complex and depend on brittle semantic clustering or access to model internals. We introduce Radial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Manh Nguyen , Sunil Gupta , Hung Le

In federated learning (FL), the communication constraint between the remote learners and the Parameter Server (PS) is a crucial bottleneck. For this reason, model updates must be compressed so as to minimize the loss in accuracy resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Yangyi Liu , Stefano Rini , Sadaf Salehkalaibar , Jun Chen

Data quality is a crucial factor in large language models training. While prior work has shown that models trained on smaller, high-quality datasets can outperform those trained on much larger but noisy or low-quality corpora, systematic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Youwei Shu , Shaomian Zheng , Dingnan Jin , Wenjie Qu , Ziyao Guo , Qing Cui , Jun Zhou , Jiaheng Zhang

Dimensionality reduction techniques map data represented on higher dimensions onto lower dimensions with varying degrees of information loss. Graph dimensionality reduction techniques adopt the same principle of providing latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Akhil Pandey Akella

Large language models (LLMs) are advanced AI systems applied across various domains, including NLP, information retrieval, and recommendation systems. Despite their adaptability and efficiency, LLMs have not been extensively explored for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Harshith Manjunath , Lucas Heublein , Tobias Feigl , Felix Ott

Current hyperspectral anomaly detection (HAD) benchmark datasets suffer from low resolution, simple background, and small size of the detection data. These factors also limit the performance of the well-known low-rank representation (LRR)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-26 Chenyu Li , Bing Zhang , Danfeng Hong , Jing Yao , Jocelyn Chanussot

Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) has been proposed to fine-tune the pre-trained language models in a distributed manner. However, there are two critical challenges for efficient FedFT in practical applications, i.e., resource constraints and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Jun Liu , Yunming Liao , Hongli Xu , Yang Xu , Jianchun Liu , Chen Qian

The choice of representation for geographic location significantly impacts the accuracy of models for a broad range of geospatial tasks, including fine-grained species classification, population density estimation, and biome classification.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Aayush Dhakal , Srikumar Sastry , Subash Khanal , Adeel Ahmad , Eric Xing , Nathan Jacobs

Recently, Sharma et al. suggested a method called Layer-SElective-Rank reduction (LASER) which demonstrated that pruning high-order components of carefully chosen LLM's weight matrices can boost downstream accuracy -- without any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Shiva Sreeram , Alaa Maalouf , Pratyusha Sharma , Daniela Rus

Building on recent advances in representation learning for wireless channels, this work investigates the cost-benefit trade-offs of high-dimensional channel embeddings in practical systems. We benchmark multiple wireless representations:…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Murilo Batista , Shirin Salehi , Saeed Mashdour , Paul Zheng , Rodrigo C. de Lamare , Anke Schmeink

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved significant progress across various domains, but their increasing scale results in high computational and memory costs. Recent studies have revealed that LLMs exhibit sparsity, providing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Mingkuan Feng , Jinyang Wu , Shuai Zhang , Pengpeng Shao , Ruihan Jin , Zhengqi Wen , Jianhua Tao , Feihu Che

We explore intrinsic dimension (ID) of LLM representations as a marker of linguistic complexity. Specifically, we test whether ID differences across model layers reflect well-known complexity contrasts established in (psycho)linguistics:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Marco Baroni , Emily Cheng , Iria de-Dios-Flores , Francesca Franzon

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) remains structurally uncertain despite parameter-efficient methods such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), as the layer-specific roles of internal representations are poorly understood, leading to…

This study examines the effectiveness of layer pruning in creating efficient Sentence BERT (SBERT) models. Our goal is to create smaller sentence embedding models that reduce complexity while maintaining strong embedding similarity. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Anushka Shelke , Riya Savant , Raviraj Joshi

This paper introduces a novel model compression approach through dynamic layer-specific pruning in Large Language Models (LLMs), enhancing the traditional methodology established by SliceGPT. By transitioning from constant to dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Razvan-Gabriel Dumitru , Paul-Ioan Clotan , Vikas Yadav , Darius Peteleaza , Mihai Surdeanu

Rapid progress in representation learning has led to a proliferation of embedding models, and to associated challenges of model selection and practical application. It is non-trivial to assess a model's generalizability to new, candidate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Leo Betthauser , Urszula Chajewska , Maurice Diesendruck , Rohith Pesala

Pruning has recently been widely adopted to reduce the parameter scale and improve the inference efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs). Mainstream pruning techniques often rely on uniform layerwise pruning strategies, which can lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yuli Chen , Bo Cheng , Jiale Han , Yingying Zhang , Yingting Li , Shuhao Zhang

Learning rate configuration is a fundamental aspect of modern deep learning. The prevailing practice of applying a uniform learning rate across all layers overlooks the structural heterogeneity of Transformers, potentially limiting their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Di He , Songjun Tu , Keyu Wang , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu

Due to their substantial sizes, large language models (LLMs) are typically deployed within a single-backbone multi-tenant framework. In this setup, a single instance of an LLM backbone must cater to multiple users or tasks through the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Tianfang Xie , Tianjing Li , Wei Zhu , Wei Han , Yi Zhao

This paper introduces a novel proprioceptive state estimator for legged robots that combines model-based filters and deep neural networks. Recent studies have shown that neural networks such as multi-layer perceptron or recurrent neural…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Donghoon Youm , Hyunsik Oh , Suyoung Choi , Hyeongjun Kim , Jemin Hwangbo