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The widespread application of pre-trained language models (PLMs) in natural language processing (NLP) has led to increasing concerns about their explainability. Selective rationalization is a self-explanatory framework that selects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Libing Yuan , Shuaibo Hu , Kui Yu , Le Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have quickly become an invaluable assistant for a variety of tasks. However, their effectiveness is constrained by their ability to tailor responses to human preferences and behaviors via personalization. Prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Lucie Charlotte Magister , Katherine Metcalf , Yizhe Zhang , Maartje ter Hoeve

Aligning large language models (LLMs) typically aim to reflect general human values and behaviors, but they often fail to capture the unique characteristics and preferences of individual users. To address this gap, we introduce the concept…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Minjun Zhu , Yixuan Weng , Linyi Yang , Yue Zhang

Recent advances in large language models have highlighted their potential for personalized recommendation, where accurately capturing user preferences remains a key challenge. Leveraging their strong reasoning and generalization…

Achieving consensus in group decision-making often involves overcoming significant challenges, particularly in reconciling diverse perspectives and mitigating biases that hinder agreement. Traditional methods relying on human facilitators…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Loukas Triantafyllopoulos , Dimitris Kalles

Large language models (LLMs) alignment aims to ensure that the behavior of LLMs meets human preferences. While collecting data from multiple fine-grained, aspect-specific preferences becomes more and more feasible, existing alignment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jia Zhang , Yao Liu , Chen-Xi Zhang , Yi Liu , Yi-Xuan Jin , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

Modeling user preferences across domains remains a key challenge in slate recommendation (i.e. recommending an ordered sequence of items) research. We investigate how Large Language Models (LLM) can effectively act as world models of user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Baptiste Bonin , Maxime Heuillet , Audrey Durand

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant success in complex reasoning tasks such as math and coding. In contrast to these tasks where deductive reasoning predominates, inductive reasoning-the ability to derive general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Wei Wu , Rui Yan

A Large Language Model (LLM) offers versatility across domains and tasks, purportedly benefiting users with a wide variety of behaviors and preferences. We question this perception about an LLM when users have inherently subjective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Sai Sundaresan , Harshita Chopra , Atanu R. Sinha , Koustava Goswami , Nagasai Saketh Naidu , Raghav Karan , N Anushka

Conversational Recommender Systems (CRSs) aim to provide personalized recommendations by capturing user preferences through interactive dialogues. Explainability in CRSs is crucial as it enables users to understand the reasoning behind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Zhangchi Qiu , Linhao Luo , Shirui Pan , Alan Wee-Chung Liew

In domains requiring intelligent agents to emulate plausible human-like behaviour, such as formative simulations, traditional techniques like behaviour trees encounter significant challenges. Large Language Models (LLMs), despite not always…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Israel Puerta-Merino , Jordi Sabater-Mir

Large language models (LLMs) have enhanced conventional recommendation models via user profiling, which generates representative textual profiles from users' historical interactions. However, their direct application to session-based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Gyuseok Lee , Wonbin Kweon , Zhenrui Yue , Yaokun Liu , Yifan Liu , Susik Yoon , Dong Wang , SeongKu Kang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been used as backbones for recommender systems. However, their performance often lags behind conventional methods in standard tasks like retrieval. We attribute this to a mismatch between LLMs'…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yuwei Cao , Nikhil Mehta , Xinyang Yi , Raghunandan Keshavan , Lukasz Heldt , Lichan Hong , Ed H. Chi , Maheswaran Sathiamoorthy

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. Their potential for deeper user understanding and improved personalized user experience on recommendation platforms is,…

Generalizable alignment is a core challenge for deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) safely in real-world NLP applications. Current alignment methods, including Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), often fail to guarantee…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Jaymari Chua , Chen Wang , Lina Yao

Models of human feedback for AI alignment, such as those underpinning Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), often bake in a singular, static set of preferences, limiting adaptability. This paper challenges the assumption of monolithic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Víctor Gallego

The capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are routinely evaluated by other LLMs trained to predict human preferences. This framework--known as LLM-as-a-judge--is highly scalable and relatively low cost. However, it is also vulnerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Lisa Alazraki , Tan Yi-Chern , Jon Ander Campos , Maximilian Mozes , Marek Rei , Max Bartolo

Preference optimization techniques have become a standard final stage for training state-of-art large language models (LLMs). However, despite widespread adoption, the vast majority of work to-date has focused on first-class citizen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 John Dang , Arash Ahmadian , Kelly Marchisio , Julia Kreutzer , Ahmet Üstün , Sara Hooker

Accurately modeling user preferences is crucial for improving the performance of content-based recommender systems. Existing approaches often rely on simplistic user profiling methods, such as averaging or concatenating item embeddings,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Milad Sabouri , Masoud Mansoury , Kun Lin , Bamshad Mobasher

Current large language models (LLMs) generally show a significant performance gap in alignment between English and other languages. To bridge this gap, existing research typically leverages the model's responses in English as a reference to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Xue Zhang , Yunlong Liang , Fandong Meng , Songming Zhang , Yufeng Chen , Jinan Xu , Jie Zhou