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As a pivotal component to attaining generalizable solutions in human intelligence, reasoning provides great potential for reinforcement learning (RL) agents' generalization towards varied goals by summarizing part-to-whole arguments and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Wenhao Ding , Haohong Lin , Bo Li , Ding Zhao

Lead optimization in drug discovery requires efficiently navigating vast chemical space through iterative cycles to enhance molecular properties while preserving structural similarity to the original lead compound. Despite recent advances,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Ziqing Wang , Yibo Wen , William Pattie , Xiao Luo , Weimin Wu , Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Abhishek Pandey , Han Liu , Kaize Ding

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn optimal policies from previously collected datasets. Recently, due to their powerful representational capabilities, diffusion models have shown significant potential as policy models for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Tianle Zhang , Jiayi Guan , Lin Zhao , Yihang Li , Dongjiang Li , Zecui Zeng , Lei Sun , Yue Chen , Xuelong Wei , Lusong Li , Xiaodong He

Despite recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL), its application in safety critical domains like autonomous vehicles is still challenging. Although punishing RL agents for risky situations can help to learn safe policies, it may also…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Danial Kamran , Tizian Engelgeh , Marvin Busch , Johannes Fischer , Christoph Stiller

Domain incremental learning (DIL) poses a significant challenge in real-world scenarios, as models need to be sequentially trained on diverse domains over time, all the while avoiding catastrophic forgetting. Mitigating representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Kishaan Jeeveswaran , Elahe Arani , Bahram Zonooz

Existing LLM-based policy optimizers see only scalar rewards: that a policy scored 0.45, but not whether the agent got stuck in a loop, fell into a hole on the third step, or performed well on 19 out of 20 rollouts and failed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rahaf Abu Hara , Vaibbhav Murarri , Claudio Zito

Reinforcement learning improves the reasoning ability of large language models but remains costly and sample-inefficient, as many rollouts provide weak learning signals. Difficulty-aware data selection methods attempt to address this by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Zhou , Can Jin , Zihan Dong , Zhepeng Wang , Yanting Yang , Shiyu Zhao , Lei Li , Runxue Bao , Yaochen Xie , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Safe reinforcement learning (SafeRL) is a prominent paradigm for autonomous driving, where agents are required to optimize performance under strict safety requirements. This dual objective creates a fundamental tension, as overly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Mahesh Keswani , Raunak Bhattacharyya

Autonomous navigation in dense traffic scenarios remains challenging for autonomous vehicles (AVs) because the intentions of other drivers are not directly observable and AVs have to deal with a wide range of driving behaviors. To maneuver…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Bruno Brito , Achin Agarwal , Javier Alonso-Mora

Demonstrations are commonly used to speed up the learning process of Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithms. To cope with the difficulty of accessing multiple demonstrations, some algorithms have been developed to learn from a single…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Alexandre Chenu , Olivier Serris , Olivier Sigaud , Nicolas Perrin-Gilbert

Autonomous driving in urban crowds at unregulated intersections is challenging, where dynamic occlusions and uncertain behaviors of other vehicles should be carefully considered. Traditional methods are heuristic and based on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Peide Cai , Sukai Wang , Hengli Wang , Ming Liu

With the advent of universal function approximators in the domain of reinforcement learning, the number of practical applications leveraging deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has exploded. Decision-making in autonomous vehicles (AVs) has…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Hanxi Wan , Pei Li , Arpan Kusari

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) approaches have emerged to tackle many real-world problems with multiple conflicting objectives by maximizing a joint objective function weighted by a preference vector. These approaches find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Toygun Basaklar , Suat Gumussoy , Umit Y. Ogras

Safe Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims to find a policy that achieves high rewards while satisfying cost constraints. When learning from scratch, safe RL agents tend to be overly conservative, which impedes exploration and restrains the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Jinning Li , Xinyi Liu , Banghua Zhu , Jiantao Jiao , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Chen Tang , Wei Zhan

Prior authorization (PA) requires interpretation of complex and fragmented coverage policies, yet existing retrieval-augmented systems rely on static top-$K$ strategies with fixed numbers of retrieved sections. Such fixed retrieval can be…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Ruslan Sharifullin , Maxim Gorshkov , Hannah Clay

Preference-based reinforcement learning (RL) is a key paradigm for aligning policies with human judgments, yet its theoretical behavior in distributed settings where preference data are fragmented across heterogeneous users remains poorly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zhanhong Jiang

Although deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms have made important achievements in many control tasks, they still suffer from the problems of sample inefficiency and unstable training process, which are usually caused by sparse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Ke Lin , Liang Gong , Xudong Li , Te Sun , Binhao Chen , Chengliang Liu , Zhengfeng Zhang , Jian Pu , Junping Zhang

In recent years, imitation learning (IL) has been widely used in industry as the core of autonomous vehicle (AV) planning modules. However, previous IL works show sample inefficiency and low generalisation in safety-critical scenarios, on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Yurui Du , Flavia Sofia Acerbo , Jens Kober , Tong Duy Son

An internet network service provider manages its network with multiple objectives, such as high quality of service (QoS) and minimum computing resource usage. To achieve these objectives, a reinforcement learning-based (RL) algorithm has…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-17 DongNyeong Heo , Daniela Noemi Rim , Heeyoul Choi

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) provides a new way to generate robot control policy. However, the process of training control policy requires lengthy exploration, resulting in a low sample efficiency of reinforcement learning (RL) in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Chao Li