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Recent research has shown that hardware fuzzers can effectively detect security vulnerabilities in modern processors. However, existing hardware fuzzers do not fuzz well the hard-to-reach design spaces. Consequently, these fuzzers cannot…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Chen Chen , Rahul Kande , Nathan Nguyen , Flemming Andersen , Aakash Tyagi , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi , Jeyavijayan Rajendran

Smart contract transactions are increasingly interleaved by cross-contract calls. While many tools have been developed to identify a common set of vulnerabilities, the cross-contract vulnerability is overlooked by existing tools.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Yinxing Xue , Jiaming Ye , Wei Zhang , Jun Sun , Lei Ma , Haijun Wang , Jianjun Zhao

Existing LLM-based compiler fuzzers often produce syntactically or semantically invalid test programs, limiting their effectiveness in exercising compiler optimizations and backend components. We introduce ReFuzzer, a framework for refining…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-02 Iti Shree , Karine Even-Mendoza , Tomasz Radzik

Command-line interface (CLI) fuzzing tests programs by mutating both command-line options and input file contents, thus enabling discovery of vulnerabilities that only manifest under specific option-input combinations. Prior works of CLI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Momoko Shiraishi , Yinzhi Cao , Takahiro Shinagawa

Generation-based fuzzing produces appropriate test cases according to specifications of input grammars and semantic constraints to test systems and software. However, these specifications require significant manual effort to construct. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Chuyang Chen , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Zhiqiang Lin

With the rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) in automated code refactoring, assessing and ensuring functional equivalence between LLM-generated refactoring and the original implementation becomes critical. While prior work…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Simantika Bhattacharjee Dristi , Matthew B. Dwyer

Modern extensible compiler frameworks-such as MLIR-enable rapid creation of domain-specific language dialects. This flexibility, however, makes correctness harder to ensure as the same extensibility that accelerates development also…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Sairam Vaidya , Marcel Böhme , Loris D'Antoni

Vision Language Models (VLMs) are prone to errors, and identifying where these errors occur is critical for ensuring the reliability and safety of AI systems. In this paper, we propose an approach that automatically generates questions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jiajun Xu , Jiageng Mao , Ang Qi , Weiduo Yuan , Alexander Romanus , Helen Xia , Vitor Campagnolo Guizilini , Yue Wang

Guided fuzzing has, in recent years, been able to uncover many new vulnerabilities in real-world software due to its fast input mutation strategies guided by path-coverage. However, most fuzzers are unable to achieve high coverage in deeper…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-10-14 Saahil Ognawala , Fabian Kilger , Alexander Pretschner

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across diverse domains, yet their vulnerability to jailbreak attacks, where adversarial inputs bypass safety mechanisms to elicit harmful outputs, poses significant security risks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Qingchao Shen , Zibo Xiao , Lili Huang , Enwei Hu , Yongqiang Tian , Junjie Chen

Grammar-based fuzzing is a technique used to find software vulnerabilities by injecting well-formed inputs generated following rules that encode application semantics. Most grammar-based fuzzers for network protocols rely on human experts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Samuel Jero , Maria Leonor Pacheco , Dan Goldwasser , Cristina Nita-Rotaru

Semantic understanding of programs has attracted great attention in the community. Inspired by recent successes of large language models (LLMs) in natural language understanding, tremendous progress has been made by treating programming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Jianyu Zhao , Yuyang Rong , Yiwen Guo , Yifeng He , Hao Chen

Fuzzing has become a widely adopted technique for vulnerability discovery, yet it remains ineffective for structured-input programs due to strict syntactic constraints and limited semantic awareness. Traditional greybox fuzzers rely on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yihao Zou , Tianming Zheng , Futai Zou , Yue Wu

Fuzzing is utilized for testing software and systems for cybersecurity risk via the automated adaptation of inputs. It facilitates the identification of software bugs and misconfigurations that may create vulnerabilities, cause abnormal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jack Hance , Jeremy Straub

Smart contracts are Turing-complete programs that execute on the infrastructure of the blockchain, which often manage valuable digital assets. Solidity is one of the most popular programming languages for writing smart contracts on the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Tai D. Nguyen , Long H. Pham , Jun Sun , Yun Lin , Quang Tran Minh

Fuzzing is a popular vulnerability automated testing method utilized by professionals and broader community alike. However, despite its abilities, fuzzing is a time-consuming, computationally expensive process. This is problematic for the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Michael Wang , Michael Robinson

Loop vulnerabilities are one major risky construct in software development. They can easily lead to infinite loops or executions, exhaust resources, or introduce logical errors that degrade performance and compromise security. The problem…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Adeyemi Adeseye , Aisvarya Adeseye

GraphQL's flexible query model and nested data dependencies expose APIs to complex, context-dependent vulnerabilities that are difficult to uncover using conventional testing tools. Existing fuzzers either rely on random payload generation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shaolun Liu , Sina Marefat , Omar Tsai , Yu Chen , Zecheng Deng , Jia Wang , Mohammad A. Tayebi

Deep learning (DL) libraries are widely used in critical applications, where even subtle silent bugs can lead to serious consequences. While existing DL fuzzing techniques have made progress in detecting crashes, they inherently struggle to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Kunpeng Zhang , Dongwei Xiao , Daoyuan Wu , Shuai Wang , Jiali Zhao , Yuanyi Lin , Tongtong Xu , Shaohua Wang

Modern hardware systems, driven by demands for high performance and application-specific functionality, have grown increasingly complex, introducing large surfaces for bugs and security-critical vulnerabilities. Fuzzing has emerged as a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Lichao Wu , Mohamadreza Rostami , Huimin Li , Nikhilesh Singh , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi