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Large language models (LLMs) hold the promise of solving diverse tasks when provided with appropriate natural language prompts. However, prompting often leads models to make predictions with lower accuracy compared to finetuning a model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Chenyang Zhao , Xueying Jia , Vijay Viswanathan , Tongshuang Wu , Graham Neubig

Visual reasoning (VR), which is crucial in many fields for enabling human-like visual understanding, remains highly challenging. Recently, compositional visual reasoning approaches, which leverage the reasoning abilities of large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Fucai Ke , Vijay Kumar B G , Xingjian Leng , Zhixi Cai , Zaid Khan , Weiqing Wang , Pari Delir Haghighi , Hamid Rezatofighi , Manmohan Chandraker

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents, expected to decompose goals, invoke tools, and verify results in dynamic environments. Realizing these capabilities requires access to agentic data-structured interaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Abhigya Verma , Seganrasan Subramanian , Nandhakumar Kandasamy , Naman Gupta

Synthetic data has proven itself to be a valuable resource for tuning smaller, cost-effective language models to handle the complexities of multi-turn tool calling conversations. While many frameworks and systems for producing synthetic…

Formal Property Verification (FPV), using SystemVerilog Assertions (SVA), is crucial for ensuring the completeness of design with respect to the specification. However, writing SVA is a laborious task and has a steep learning curve. In this…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Mohammad Shahidzadeh , Behnam Ghavami , Steve Wilton , Lesley Shannon

Workflows play a crucial role in enhancing enterprise efficiency by orchestrating complex processes with multiple tools or components. However, hand-crafted workflow construction requires expert knowledge, presenting significant technical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Hanchao Liu , Rongjun Li , Weimin Xiong , Ziyu Zhou , Wei Peng

Current instruction data synthesis methods primarily focus on single-turn instructions and often neglect cross-turn coherence, resulting in context drift and reduced task completion rates in extended conversations. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Jiawei Chen , Xinyan Guan , Qianhao Yuan , Guozhao Mo , Weixiang Zhou , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Ben He , Le Sun , Xianpei Han

The goal of this paper is to improve the performance and reliability of vision-language-action (VLA) models through iterative online interaction. Since collecting policy rollouts in the real world is expensive, we investigate whether a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yanjiang Guo , Tony Lee , Lucy Xiaoyang Shi , Jianyu Chen , Percy Liang , Chelsea Finn

Speech language models (SpeechLMs) accept speech input and produce speech output, allowing for more natural human-computer interaction compared to text-based large language models (LLMs). Traditional approaches for developing SpeechLMs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Aohan Zeng , Zhengxiao Du , Mingdao Liu , Lei Zhang , Shengmin Jiang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Agentic systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in tackling complex, long-horizon tasks. However, their efficacy is fundamentally constrained by static configurations governing agent behaviors,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jingqi Zhou , Sheng Wang , DeZhao Deng , Junwen Lu , Junwei Su , Qintong Li , Jiahui Gao , Hao Wu , Jiyue Jiang , Lingpeng Kong , Chuan Wu

Large language model (LLM) agents often struggle in long-context interactions. As the agent accumulates more interaction history, context management approaches such as sliding window and prompt compression may omit earlier structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yating Wu , Yuhao Zhang , Sayan Ghosh , Sourya Basu , Anoop Deoras , Jun Huan , Gaurav Gupta

Managing natural dialogue timing is a significant challenge for voice-based chatbots. Most current systems usually rely on simple silence detection, which often fails because human speech patterns involve irregular pauses. This causes bots…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Ahmet Tuğrul Bayrak , Mustafa Sertaç Türkel , Fatma Nur Korkmaz

Research on self-evolving language agents has accelerated, drawing increasing attention to their ability to create, adapt, and maintain tools from task requirements. However, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on predefined…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Bowei Xia , Mengkang Hu , Shijian Wang , Jiarui Jin , Wenxiang Jiao , Yuan Lu , Kexin Li , Ping Luo

Equipping LLMs with tool-use capabilities via Agentic Reinforcement Learning (Agentic RL) is bottlenecked by two challenges: the lack of scalable, robust execution environments and the scarcity of realistic training data that captures…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in using external tools to address user inquiries. However, most existing evaluations assume tool use in short contexts, offering limited insight into model behavior during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Beong-woo Kwak , Minju Kim , Dongha Lim , Hyungjoo Chae , Dongjin Kang , Sunghwan Kim , Dongil Yang , Jinyoung Yeo

We introduce a pipeline that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to transform single-turn psychotherapy counseling sessions into multi-turn interactions. While AI-supported online counseling services for individuals with mental disorders…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Jun-Woo Kim , Ji-Eun Han , Jun-Seok Koh , Hyeon-Tae Seo , Du-Seong Chang

Reusing established theorems and formulas is central to mathematical problem solving, serving as essential building blocks for tackling increasingly complex challenges. Recent work, TroVE, argues that code-generating Large Language Models…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Tobias Sesterhenn , Ian Berlot-Attwell , Janis Zenkner , Christian Bartelt

Lightweight language models remain attractive for on-device and privacy-sensitive applications, but their responses are highly sensitive to prompt quality. For open-ended generation, non-expert users often lack the knowledge or time to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yizhou Xu , Janet Davis

Large language models (LLMs), despite their breakthroughs on many challenging benchmark tasks, lean to generate verbose responses and lack the controllability of output complexity, which is usually preferred by human users in practice. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Dang Nguyen , Jiuhai Chen , Tianyi Zhou

Modern industrial applications increasingly demand language models that act as agents, capable of multi-step reasoning and tool use in real-world settings. These tasks are typically performed under strict cost and latency constraints,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yuanjie Lyu , Chengyu Wang , Haonan Zheng , Yuanhao Yue , Junbing Yan , Ming Wang , Jun Huang