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LLM-powered agents are both a promising new technology and a source of complexity, where choices about models, tools, and prompting can affect their usefulness. While numerous benchmarks measure agent accuracy across domains, they mostly…

User interaction (UI) logs are high-resolution event logs that record low-level activities performed by a user during the execution of a task in an information system. Each event in a UI log corresponds to a single interaction between the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Luka Abb , Jana-Rebecca Rehse

Autonomous graphical user interface (GUI) agents aim to facilitate task automation by interacting with the user interface without manual intervention. Recent studies have investigated eliciting the capabilities of large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Zhuosheng Zhang , Aston Zhang

Autonomous agents powered by multimodal large language models have been developed to facilitate task execution on mobile devices. However, prior work has predominantly focused on atomic tasks -- such as shot-chain execution tasks and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yuan Guo , Tingjia Miao , Zheng Wu , Pengzhou Cheng , Ming Zhou , Zhuosheng Zhang

Computer-using agents (CUAs) must plan task workflows across diverse and evolving applications, yet progress is limited by the lack of large-scale, high-quality training data. Existing datasets are narrow, static, and costly to annotate,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Chan Hee Song , Yiwen Song , Palash Goyal , Yu Su , Oriana Riva , Hamid Palangi , Tomas Pfister

With the growing reliance on digital devices equipped with graphical user interfaces (GUIs), such as computers and smartphones, the need for effective automation tools has become increasingly important. While multimodal large language…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Jakub Hoscilowicz , Bartosz Maj , Bartosz Kozakiewicz , Oleksii Tymoshchuk , Artur Janicki

Large language model based agents are increasingly deployed in complex, tool augmented environments. While reinforcement learning provides a principled mechanism for such agents to improve through interaction, its effectiveness critically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Shinji Mai , Yunpeng Zhai , Ziqian Chen , Cheng Chen , Anni Zou , Shuchang Tao , Zhaoyang Liu , Bolin Ding

In crowdsourced user experiments that collect performance data from graphical user interface (GUI) interactions, some participants ignore instructions or act carelessly, threatening the validity of performance models. We investigate a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Takaya Miyama , Satoshi Nakamura , Shota Yamanaka

We address the problem of accurate capture of interactive behaviors between two people in daily scenarios. Most previous works either only consider one person or solely focus on conversational gestures of two people, assuming the body…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Leo Ho , Yinghao Huang , Dafei Qin , Mingyi Shi , Wangpok Tse , Wei Liu , Junichi Yamagishi , Taku Komura

Existing efforts in building GUI agents heavily rely on the availability of robust commercial Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as GPT-4o and GeminiProVision. Practitioners are often reluctant to use open-source VLMs due to their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Zhiyong Wu , Zhenyu Wu , Fangzhi Xu , Yian Wang , Qiushi Sun , Chengyou Jia , Kanzhi Cheng , Zichen Ding , Liheng Chen , Paul Pu Liang , Yu Qiao

Existing affective-computing, social-signal-processing, and meeting corpora capture important parts of human interaction, but they rarely support analysis of affect in co-located groups as a coupled individual, interpersonal, and…

Repurposing large vision-language models (LVLMs) as computer use agents (CUAs) has led to substantial breakthroughs, primarily driven by human-labeled data. However, these models often struggle with novel and specialized software,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Zeyi Sun , Ziyu Liu , Yuhang Zang , Yuhang Cao , Xiaoyi Dong , Tong Wu , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang

Long-horizon, repetitive workflows are common in professional settings, such as processing expense reports from receipts and entering student grades from exam papers. These tasks are often tedious for humans since they can extend to extreme…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jing Wu , Daphne Barretto , Yiye Chen , Nicholas Gydé , Yanan Jian , Yuhang He , Vibhav Vineet

One of the most crucial yet challenging tasks for autonomous vehicles in urban environments is predicting the future behaviour of nearby pedestrians, especially at points of crossing. Predicting behaviour depends on many social and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Tiffany Yau , Saber Malekmohammadi , Amir Rasouli , Peter Lakner , Mohsen Rohani , Jun Luo

GUI responsiveness is critical for a positive user experience in mobile applications. Even brief delays in visual feedback can frustrate users and lead to negative reviews. However, detecting and quantifying such user-perceived delays…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wei Liu , Linqiang Guo , Yi Wen Heng , Chenglin Li , Tse-Hsun , Chen , Ahmed E. Hassan

Designing and evaluating personalized and proactive assistant agents remains challenging due to the time, cost, and ethical concerns associated with human-in-the-loop experimentation. Existing Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) methods often…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ziyi Xuan , Yiwen Wu , Xuhai Xu , Vinod Namboodiri , Mooi Choo Chuah , Yu Yang

We describe WebSuite, the first diagnostic benchmark for generalist web agents, designed to systematically evaluate why agents fail. Advances in AI have led to the rise of numerous web agents that autonomously operate a browser to complete…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Eric Li , Jim Waldo

Automated GUI agents aims to facilitate user interaction by automatically performing complex tasks in digital environments, such as web, mobile, desktop devices. It receives textual task instruction and GUI description to generate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jing Huang , Zhixiong Zeng , Wenkang Han , Yufeng Zhong , Liming Zheng , Shuai Fu , Jingyuan Chen , Lin Ma

Recently, mobile AI agents have gained increasing attention. Given a task, mobile AI agents can interact with mobile devices in multiple steps and finally form a GUI flow that solves the task. However, existing agents tend to focus on most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Qinzhuo Wu , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Bin Wang

Large language model-based web agents have demonstrated strong performance on realistic web interaction tasks. However, existing evaluations are predominantly conducted under relatively stable and well-behaved interaction conditions, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haoyue Bai , Dong Wang , Long Chen , Bingguang Hao , Pengyang Shao , Yonghui Yang , Yicheng He , Chenyi Zhuang