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Automatic methods and metrics that assess various quality criteria of automatically generated texts are important for developing NLG systems because they produce repeatable results and allow for a fast development cycle. We present here an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Erion Çano , Ondřej Bojar

We propose CHRT (Control Hidden Representation Transformation) - a controlled language generation framework that steers large language models to generate text pertaining to certain attributes (such as toxicity). CHRT gains attribute control…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Vaibhav Kumar , Hana Koorehdavoudi , Masud Moshtaghi , Amita Misra , Ankit Chadha , Emilio Ferrara

Table processing, a key task in natural language processing, has significantly benefited from recent advancements in language models (LMs). However, the capabilities of LMs in table-to-text generation, which transforms structured data into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Sahar Iravani , Tim . O . F Conrad

Recent advances in text-to-speech (TTS) technology have enabled systems to generate speech that is often indistinguishable from human speech, bringing benefits to accessibility, content creation, and human-computer interaction. However,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Yifan Yang , Hui Wang , Bing Han , Shujie Liu , Jinyu Li , Yong Qin , Xie Chen

Cross-lingual evaluation of large language models (LLMs) typically conflates two sources of variance: genuine model performance differences and measurement instability. We investigate evaluation reliability by holding generation conditions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Isaac Chung , Linda Freienthal

Human Activity Recognition using wearable inertial sensors is foundational to healthcare monitoring, fitness analytics, and context-aware computing, yet its deployment is hindered by cross-user variability arising from heterogeneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Xiaozhou Ye , Feng Jiang , Zihan Wang , Xiulai Wang , Yutao Zhang , Kevin I-Kai Wang

Generating clinical synthetic text represents an effective solution for common clinical NLP issues like sparsity and privacy. This paper aims to conduct a systematic review on generating synthetic medical free-text by formulating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Basel Alshaikhdeeb , Ahmed Abdelmonem Hemedan , Soumyabrata Ghosh , Irina Balaur , Venkata Satagopam

Counterfactual text generation aims to minimally change a text, such that it is classified differently. Judging advancements in method development for counterfactual text generation is hindered by a non-uniform usage of data sets and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Van Bach Nguyen , Jörg Schlötterer , Christin Seifert

Recently, generative AIs like ChatGPT have become available to the wide public. These tools can for instance be used by students to generate essays or whole theses. But how does a teacher know whether a text is written by a student or an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Lorenz Mindner , Tim Schlippe , Kristina Schaaff

The goal of text generation is to make machines express in human language. It is one of the most important yet challenging tasks in natural language processing (NLP). Since 2014, various neural encoder-decoder models pioneered by Seq2Seq…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Wenhao Yu , Chenguang Zhu , Zaitang Li , Zhiting Hu , Qingyun Wang , Heng Ji , Meng Jiang

Procedural Level Generation via Machine Learning (PLGML), the study of generating game levels with machine learning, has received a large amount of recent academic attention. For certain measures these approaches have shown success at…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Matthew Guzdial , Nicholas Liao , Mark Riedl

This work introduces Focused-Variation Network (FVN), a novel model to control language generation. The main problems in previous controlled language generation models range from the difficulty of generating text according to the given…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Lei Shu , Alexandros Papangelis , Yi-Chia Wang , Gokhan Tur , Hu Xu , Zhaleh Feizollahi , Bing Liu , Piero Molino

Natural language generation (NLG) is increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains, yet common intrinsic evaluation methods, such as n-gram overlap or sentence plausibility, weakly correlate with actual decision-making efficacy. We propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Yu-Shiang Huang , Chuan-Ju Wang , Chung-Chi Chen

Generating visual text in natural scene images is a challenging task with many unsolved problems. Different from generating text on artificially designed images (such as posters, covers, cartoons, etc.), the text in natural scene images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Jiawei Liu , Yuanzhi Zhu , Feiyu Gao , Zhibo Yang , Peng Wang , Junyang Lin , Xinggang Wang , Wenyu Liu

Text-based audio generation models have limitations as they cannot encompass all the information in audio, leading to restricted controllability when relying solely on text. To address this issue, we propose a novel model that enhances the…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Zhifang Guo , Jianguo Mao , Rui Tao , Long Yan , Kazushige Ouchi , Hong Liu , Xiangdong Wang

Search-based procedural content generation (PCG) is a well-known method for level generation in games. Its key advantage is that it is generic and able to satisfy functional constraints. However, due to the heavy computational costs to run…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Ahmed Khalifa , Michael Cerny Green , Julian Togelius

The use of large language models like ChatGPT in code review offers promising efficiency gains but also raises concerns about correctness and safety. Existing evaluation methods for code review generation either rely on automatic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Robert Heumüller , Frank Ortmeier

Controllable text generation concerns two fundamental tasks of wide applications, namely generating text of given attributes (i.e., attribute-conditional generation), and minimally editing existing text to possess desired attributes (i.e.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Zhiting Hu , Li Erran Li

Machine generated text is increasingly difficult to distinguish from human authored text. Powerful open-source models are freely available, and user-friendly tools that democratize access to generative models are proliferating. ChatGPT,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Evan Crothers , Nathalie Japkowicz , Herna Viktor

Many Natural Language Generation (NLG) tasks aim to generate a single output text given an input prompt. Other settings require the generation of multiple texts, e.g., for Synthetic Traffic Generation (STG). This generation task is crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Simone Filice , Jason Ingyu Choi , Giuseppe Castellucci , Eugene Agichtein , Oleg Rokhlenko