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In recent years, Large Language Models have garnered significant attention for their strong performance in various natural language tasks, such as machine translation and question answering. These models demonstrate an impressive ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Qibang Liu , Wenzhe Wang , Jeffrey Willard

State-of-the-art supervised NLP models achieve high accuracy but are also susceptible to failures on inputs from low-data regimes, such as domains that are not represented in training data. As an approximation to collecting ground-truth…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Parikshit Bansal , Amit Sharma

Domain-adaptive pre-training (or DA-training for short), also known as post-training, aims to train a pre-trained general-purpose language model (LM) using an unlabeled corpus of a particular domain to adapt the LM so that end-tasks in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Zixuan Ke , Yijia Shao , Haowei Lin , Hu Xu , Lei Shu , Bing Liu

Research on prompting has shown excellent performance with little or even no supervised training across many tasks. However, prompting for machine translation is still under-explored in the literature. We fill this gap by offering a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Biao Zhang , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

Interaction with Large Language Models (LLMs) is primarily carried out via prompting. A prompt is a natural language instruction designed to elicit certain behaviour or output from a model. In theory, natural language prompts enable…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Michael Desmond , Michelle Brachman

Instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising zero-shot generalization capabilities across various downstream tasks. Recent research has introduced multimodal capabilities to LLMs by integrating independently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Utsav Garg , Erhan Bas

Continual learning (CL) in large language models (LLMs) is an evolving domain that focuses on developing efficient and sustainable training strategies to adapt models to emerging knowledge and achieve robustness in dynamic environments. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Çağatay Yıldız , Nishaanth Kanna Ravichandran , Nitin Sharma , Matthias Bethge , Beyza Ermis

The vision-language pre-training has enabled deep models to make a huge step forward in generalizing across unseen domains. The recent learning method based on the vision-language pre-training model is a great tool for domain generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Liyuan Wang , Yan Jin , Zhen Chen , Jinlin Wu , Mengke Li , Yang Lu , Hanzi Wang

Vision models trained on multimodal datasets can benefit from the wide availability of large image-caption datasets. A recent model (CLIP) was found to generalize well in zero-shot and transfer learning settings. This could imply that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Benjamin Devillers , Bhavin Choksi , Romain Bielawski , Rufin VanRullen

Instruction tuning has emerged as a powerful technique, significantly boosting zero-shot performance on unseen tasks. While recent work has explored cross-lingual generalization by applying instruction tuning to multilingual models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Janghoon Han , Changho Lee , Joongbo Shin , Stanley Jungkyu Choi , Honglak Lee , Kynghoon Bae

Instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance on a variety of tasks; however, generalizing from synthetic to human-authored instructions in grounded environments remains a challenge for them. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Chalamalasetti Kranti , Sherzod Hakimov , David Schlangen

The reusability of state-of-the-art Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) is often limited by their generalization problem, where their performance drastically decreases when evaluated on examples that differ from the training dataset, known…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Somayeh Ghanbarzadeh , Hamid Palangi , Yan Huang , Radames Cruz Moreno , Hamed Khanpour

Recent foundational language models have shown state-of-the-art performance in many NLP tasks in zero- and few-shot settings. An advantage of these models over more standard approaches based on fine-tuning is the ability to understand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Aleksandra Edwards , Jose Camacho-Collados

Language model (LM) pre-training is useful in many language processing tasks. But can pre-trained LMs be further leveraged for more general machine learning problems? We propose an approach for using LMs to scaffold learning and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of natural language tasks, and recent efforts have sought to extend their capabilities to multimodal domains and resource-constrained environments. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yun-Da Tsai

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive multilingual capability, but their performance varies substantially across different languages. In this work, we introduce a simple yet effective method, called cross-lingual-thought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Haoyang Huang , Tianyi Tang , Dongdong Zhang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ting Song , Yan Xia , Furu Wei

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in natural language processing tasks. Recommender systems traditionally use methods such as collaborative filtering and matrix factorization, as well as advanced techniques like deep…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Makbule Gulcin Ozsoy

This study aims to guide language model selection by investigating: 1) the necessity of finetuning versus zero-shot usage, 2) the benefits of domain-adjacent versus generic pretrained models, 3) the value of further domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Lovedeep Gondara , Jonathan Simkin , Graham Sayle , Shebnum Devji , Gregory Arbour , Raymond Ng

The promising zero-shot generalization of vision-language models such as CLIP has led to their adoption using prompt learning for numerous downstream tasks. Previous works have shown test-time prompt tuning using entropy minimization to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Jameel Hassan , Hanan Gani , Noor Hussein , Muhammad Uzair Khattak , Muzammal Naseer , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Salman Khan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in manipulating natural language across multiple applications, but their ability to handle simple reasoning tasks is often questioned. In this work, we aim to provide a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Alessandro Raganato , Rafael Peñaloza , Marco Viviani , Gabriella Pasi
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