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Today, AI is increasingly being used in many high-stakes decision-making applications in which fairness is an important concern. Already, there are many examples of AI being biased and making questionable and unfair decisions. The AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Yunfeng Zhang , Rachel K. E. Bellamy , Kush R. Varshney

The von Neumann-Morgenstern (VNM) utility theorem shows that under certain axioms of rationality, decision-making is reduced to maximizing the expectation of some utility function. We extend these axioms to increasingly structured…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Mehran Shakerinava , Siamak Ravanbakhsh

Machine learning systems embed preferences either in training losses or through post-processing of calibrated predictions. Applying information design methods from Strack and Yang (2024), this paper provides decision problem agnostic…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-01-27 Joshua S. Gans

We study budget aggregation under $\ell_1$-utilities, a model for collective decision making in which agents with heterogeneous preferences must allocate a public budget across a set of alternatives. Each agent reports their preferred…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Javier Cembrano , Rupert Freeman , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin , Markus Utke

Planning under uncertainty is a central problem in the study of automated sequential decision making, and has been addressed by researchers in many different fields, including AI planning, decision analysis, operations research, control…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-05-30 C. Boutilier , T. Dean , S. Hanks

We consider a regulator willing to drive individual choices towards increasing social welfare by providing incentives to a large population of individuals. For that purpose, we formalize and solve the problem of finding an optimal…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-10-04 Lucas Javaudin , Andrea Araldo , André de Palma

Combinatorial Auctions are a central problem in Algorithmic Mechanism Design: pricing and allocating goods to buyers with complex preferences in order to maximize some desired objective (e.g., social welfare, revenue, or profit). The…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Avrim Blum , Anupam Gupta , Yishay Mansour , Ankit Sharma

Reinforcement learning has been shown to be an effective strategy for automatically training policies for challenging control problems. Focusing on non-cooperative multi-agent systems, we propose a novel reinforcement learning framework for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Kishor Jothimurugan , Suguman Bansal , Osbert Bastani , Rajeev Alur

Based on interactions between individuals and others and references to social norms, this study reveals the impact of heterogeneity in time preference on wealth distribution and inequality. We present a novel approach that connects the…

General Economics · Economics 2024-02-15 Takeshi Kato

Algorithmic decision-making in high-stakes settings can have profound impacts on individuals and populations. While much prior work studies fairness in static settings, recent results show that enforcing static fairness constraints may…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Shahin Jabbari , Chen Wang

Agents often have individual goals which depend on a group's actions. If agents trust a forecast of collective action and adapt strategically, such prediction can influence outcomes non-trivially, resulting in a form of performative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 António Góis , Mehrnaz Mofakhami , Fernando P. Santos , Gauthier Gidel , Simon Lacoste-Julien

Preferences play a key role in determining what goals/constraints to satisfy when not all constraints can be satisfied simultaneously. In this paper, we study how to synthesize preference satisfying plans in stochastic systems, modeled as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Abhishek N. Kulkarni , Jie Fu

We consider the principal-agent problem with heterogeneous agents. Previous works assume that the principal signs independent incentive contracts with every agent to make them invest more efforts on the tasks. However, in many…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Shenke Xiao , Zihe Wang , Mengjing Chen , Pingzhong Tang , Xiwang Yang

Understanding citizens' values in participatory systems is crucial for citizen-centric policy-making. We envision a hybrid participatory system where participants make choices and provide motivations for those choices, and AI agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Enrico Liscio , Luciano C. Siebert , Catholijn M. Jonker , Pradeep K. Murukannaiah

In standard fair division models, we assume that all agents are selfish. However, in many scenarios, division of resources has a direct impact on the whole group or even society. Therefore, we study fair allocations of indivisible items…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Argyris Deligkas , Eduard Eiben , Tiger-Lily Goldsmith , Dušan Knop , Šimon Schierreich

In collaborative data sharing and machine learning, multiple parties aggregate their data resources to train a machine learning model with better model performance. However, as the parties incur data collection costs, they are only willing…

We consider the information design problem in spatial resource competition settings. Agents gather at a location deciding whether to move to another location for possibly higher level of resources, and the utility each agent gets by moving…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Pu Yang , Krishnamurthy Iyer , Peter Frazier

We consider a regulator driving individual choices towards increasing social welfare by providing personal incentives. We formalise and solve this problem by maximising social welfare under a budget constraint. The personalised incentives…

General Economics · Economics 2023-11-27 Lucas Javaudin , Andrea Araldo , André de Palma

Inspired by the recent COVID-19 pandemic, we study a generalization of the multi-resource allocation problem with heterogeneous demands and Leontief utilities. Unlike existing settings, we allow each agent to specify requirements to only…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-08-16 Steven Yin , Shatian Wang , Lingyi Zhang , Christian Kroer

We investigate mechanism design without payments when agents have different types of preferences. Contrary to most settings in the literature where agents have the same preference, e.g. in the facility location games all agents would like…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-16 Qiang Zhang