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Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLM) have shown a strong ability in visual perception, reasoning abilities, and vision-language understanding. However, the visual matching ability of MLLMs is rarely studied,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Yikang Zhou , Tao Zhang , Shilin Xu , Shihao Chen , Qianyu Zhou , Yunhai Tong , Shunping Ji , Jiangning Zhang , Lu Qi , Xiangtai Li

Understanding and controlling the behavior of large language models (LLMs) is an increasingly important topic in multilingual NLP. Beyond prompting or fine-tuning, , i.e.,~manipulating internal representations during inference, has emerged…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong generalization in vision-language tasks, yet their ability to understand and act within embodied environments remains underexplored. We present NavBench, a benchmark to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yanyuan Qiao , Haodong Hong , Wenqi Lyu , Dong An , Siqi Zhang , Yutong Xie , Xinyu Wang , Qi Wu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made significant advancements, demonstrating powerful capabilities in processing and understanding multimodal data. Fine-tuning MLLMs with Federated Learning (FL) allows for expanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Binqian Xu , Xiangbo Shu , Haiyang Mei , Guosen Xie , Basura Fernando , Jinhui Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in reasoning and tool use. However, the fundamental cognitive faculties essential for problem solving, including perception, reasoning, and memory, remain the stable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiaozhe Li , Jixuan Chen , Xinyu Fang , Shengyuan Ding , Haodong Duan , Qingwen Liu , Kai Chen

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results in complex reasoning tasks. However, current evaluations predominantly focus on single-turn reasoning scenarios, leaving interactive tasks largely unexplored. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Xiaoyuan Li , Keqin Bao , Yubo Ma , Moxin Li , Wenjie Wang , Rui Men , Yichang Zhang , Fuli Feng , Dayiheng Liu

The rapid development of Multi-modality Large Language Models (MLLMs) has navigated a paradigm shift in computer vision, moving towards versatile foundational models. However, evaluating MLLMs in low-level visual perception and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zicheng Zhang , Haoning Wu , Erli Zhang , Guangtao Zhai , Weisi Lin

While Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) excel in general visual tasks, their deployment in specialized financial contexts remains insufficient. Existing benchmarks prioritize isolated charts, often overlooking the need to integrate data from…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jiayong Zhu , Jiangtong Li , Jinru Ding , Dawei Cheng , Jie Xu , Feng Yu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable progress in high-level semantic tasks such as visual question answering, image captioning, and emotion recognition. However, despite advancements, there remains a lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Shezheng Song , Chengxiang He , Shan Zhao , Chengyu Wang , Qian Wan , Tianwei Yan , Meng Wang

The robust safety of Vision-Language Large Models (VLLMs) against joint multilingual and multimodal threats remains severely underexplored. Current benchmarks typically isolate these dimensions, being either multilingual but text-only, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Enyi Shi , Pengyang Shao , Yanxin Zhang , Chenhang Cui , Jiayi Lyu , Xiaobo Xia , Fei Shen , Tat-Seng Chua

While Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate promising multilingual capabilities, their evaluation is currently hindered by two critical limitations: (1) the use of non-parallel corpora, which conflates inherent language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Junyuan Gao , Jiahe Song , Jiang Wu , Runchuan Zhu , Guanlin Shen , Shasha Wang , Xingjian Wei , Haote Yang , Songyang Zhang , Weijia Li , Bin Wang , Dahua Lin , Lijun Wu , Conghui He

Despite their widespread adoption in various domains, especially due to their powerful reasoning capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) are not the off-the-shelf choice to drive multi-objective optimization yet. Conventional strategies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Andrej Schwanke , Lyubomir Ivanov , David Salinas , Frank Hutter , Arber Zela

Multimodal planning capabilities refer to the ability to predict, reason, and design steps for task execution with multimodal context, which is essential for complex reasoning and decision-making across multiple steps. However, current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Yiyan Ji , Haoran Chen , Qiguang Chen , Chengyue Wu , Libo Qin , Wanxiang Che

State-of-the-art retrieval models typically address a straightforward search scenario, in which retrieval tasks are fixed (e.g., finding a passage to answer a specific question) and only a single modality is supported for both queries and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Sheng-Chieh Lin , Chankyu Lee , Mohammad Shoeybi , Jimmy Lin , Bryan Catanzaro , Wei Ping

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress on vision-language tasks, yet their reasoning processes remain sometimes unreliable. We introduce PRISM-Bench, a benchmark of puzzle-based visual challenges designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yusu Qian , Cheng Wan , Chao Jia , Yinfei Yang , Qingyu Zhao , Zhe Gan

Current language models (LMs) excel at reasoning over prompts using pre-trained knowledge. However, real-world tasks are far more complex and context-dependent: models must learn from task-specific context and leverage new knowledge beyond…

Extracting structured information from visual documents (Visual Information Extraction, VIE) is a cornerstone of business automation. While recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promising capabilities, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yandi Wang , Libin Zhan , Ziwei Huang , Tiancheng Luo , Yuxuan Jiang , Wang Dong , Leilei Gan , Jun Chen

We introduce OSVBench, a new benchmark for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) on the task of generating complete formal specifications for verifying the functional correctness of operating system kernels. This benchmark is built upon a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Shangyu Li , Juyong Jiang , Tiancheng Zhao , Jiasi Shen

We consider the use of automated supervised learning systems for data tables that not only contain numeric/categorical columns, but one or more text fields as well. Here we assemble 18 multimodal data tables that each contain some text…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Xingjian Shi , Jonas Mueller , Nick Erickson , Mu Li , Alexander J. Smola

Despite remarkable advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), a fundamental question remains: are MLLMs robust to contradicting modalities? To rigorously study this, we introduce MMA-Bench comprising videos and tasks that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Tianle Chen , Chaitanya Chakka , Arjun Reddy Akula , Xavier Thomas , Deepti Ghadiyaram