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Extensive research has investigated the integration of large language models (LLMs) with knowledge graphs to enhance the reasoning process. However, understanding how models perform reasoning utilizing structured graph knowledge remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Han Zhang , Langshi Zhou , Hanfang Yang

Spreadsheet systems (e.g., Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets) play a central role in modern data-centric workflows. As AI agents grow increasingly capable of automating complex tasks, such as controlling computers and generating presentations,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Banghao Chi , Yining Xie , Mingyuan Wu , Jingcheng Yang , Jize Jiang , Zhaoheng Li , Shengyi Qian , Minjia Zhang , Klara Nahrstedt , Rui Hou , Xiangjun Fan , Hanchao Yu

The idea of reusing or transferring information from previously learned tasks (source tasks) for the learning of new tasks (target tasks) has the potential to significantly improve the sample efficiency of a reinforcement learning agent. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Thommen George Karimpanal , Roland Bouffanais

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents often suffer from high sample complexity in sparse or delayed reward settings due to limited prior structure. Large language models (LLMs) can provide subgoal decompositions, plausible trajectories, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Narjes Nourzad , Carlee Joe-Wong

Knowledge-graph retrieval-augmented generation (KG-RAG) couples large language models (LLMs) with structured, verifiable knowledge graphs (KGs) to reduce hallucination and provide reasoning traces. However, current KG-RAG systems often rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Junhong Lin , Shicheng Liu , Jinyeop Song , Song Wang , Julian Shun , Yada Zhu

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents improve through trial-and-error, but when reward is sparse and the agent cannot discover successful action sequences, learning stagnates. This has been a notable problem in training deep RL agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Evan Zheran Liu , Kelvin Guu , Panupong Pasupat , Tianlin Shi , Percy Liang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in web search and reasoning. However, their dependence on static training corpora makes them prone to factual errors and knowledge gaps. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Jiasheng Xu , Mingda Li , Yongqiang Tang , Peijie Wang , Wensheng Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are moving beyond static uses and are now powering agents that learn continually during their interaction with external environments. For example, agents can learn reusable skills while navigating web pages or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Simon Yu , Gang Li , Weiyan Shi , Peng Qi

Soft real-time applications are becoming increasingly complex, posing significant challenges for scheduling offloaded tasks in edge computing environments while meeting task timing constraints. Moreover, the exponential growth of the search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Amin Avan , Akramul Azim , Qusay Mahmoud

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in a wide range of tasks, yet their application to specialized domains remains challenging due to the need for deep expertise. Retrieval-Augmented generation (RAG) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qinggang Zhang , Shengyuan Chen , Yuanchen Bei , Zheng Yuan , Huachi Zhou , Zijin Hong , Hao Chen , Yilin Xiao , Chuang Zhou , Junnan Dong , Yi Chang , Xiao Huang

Skills learned through (deep) reinforcement learning often generalizes poorly across domains and re-training is necessary when presented with a new task. We present a framework that combines techniques in \textit{formal methods} with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Xiao Li , Yao Ma , Calin Belta

Reusable skills let LLM agents package task-specific procedures, tool affordances, and execution guidance into modular building blocks. As skill ecosystems grow to tens of thousands of entries, exposing every skill at inference time becomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 YanZhao Zheng , ZhenTao Zhang , Chao Ma , YuanQiang Yu , JiHuai Zhu , Yong Wu , Tianze Xu , Baohua Dong , Hangcheng Zhu , Ruohui Huang , Gang Yu

LLM agents acting in structured environments fail in operational rather than conversational ways, and reliability depends on procedural knowledge of the environment. Prior self-improvement methods accumulate natural-language guidance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Johannes Moll , Jean-Philippe Corbeil , Jiazhen Pan , Martin Hadamitzky , Daniel Rueckert , Lisa Adams , Keno Bressem

Language agents have recently been used to simulate human behavior and user-item interactions for recommendation systems. However, current language agent simulations do not understand the relationships between users and items, leading to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Taicheng Guo , Chaochun Liu , Hai Wang , Varun Mannam , Fang Wang , Xin Chen , Xiangliang Zhang , Chandan K. Reddy

This work proposes a neural network architecture that learns policies for multiple agent classes in a heterogeneous multi-agent reinforcement setting. The proposed network uses directed labeled graph representations for states, encodes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Douglas De Rizzo Meneghetti , Reinaldo Augusto da Costa Bianchi

LLM agents now draw on growing skill libraries to handle complex tasks. However, injecting more skills does not always improve task completion and can even degrade it. Existing methods still treat skill injection as a static step, selecting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yanchao Li , Wanhao Liu , Ben Gao , Jiaqing Xie , Zhehong Ai , Na Zou , Yuqiang Li , Tianfan Fu

Skill-augmented agents increasingly rely on large reusable skill libraries, but retrieving relevant skills is not the same as presenting usable context. Existing methods typically return atomic skills or dependency-aware bundles whose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Kun Zeng , Yu Huo , Siyu Zhang , Zi Ye , Yuecheng Zhuo , Haoyue Liu , Yuquan Lu , Junhao Wen , Xiaoying Tang

The continuous expansion of digital learning environments has catalyzed the demand for intelligent systems capable of providing personalized educational content. While current exercise recommendation frameworks have made significant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Rong Fu , Zijian Zhang , Haiyun Wei , Jiekai Wu , Kun Liu , Xianda Li , Haoyu Zhao , Yang Li , Yongtai Liu , Ziming Wang , Rui Lu , Simon Fong

To survive and thrive in complex environments, humans have evolved sophisticated self-improvement mechanisms through environment exploration, hierarchical abstraction of experiences into reuseable skills, and collaborative construction of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Boyuan Zheng , Michael Y. Fatemi , Xiaolong Jin , Zora Zhiruo Wang , Apurva Gandhi , Yueqi Song , Yu Gu , Jayanth Srinivasa , Gaowen Liu , Graham Neubig , Yu Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in stand-alone code tasks like HumanEval and MBPP, but struggle with handling entire code repositories. This challenge has prompted research on enhancing LLM-codebase interaction at a repository scale.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Xiangyan Liu , Bo Lan , Zhiyuan Hu , Yang Liu , Zhicheng Zhang , Fei Wang , Michael Shieh , Wenmeng Zhou