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In some applications, edge learning is experiencing a shift in focusing from conventional learning from scratch to new two-stage learning unifying pre-training and task-specific fine-tuning. This paper considers the problem of joint…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Zhonghao Lyu , Yuchen Li , Guangxu Zhu , Jie Xu , H. Vincent Poor , Shuguang Cui

Large language models (LLMs) are emerging as key enablers of automation in domains such as telecommunications, assisting with tasks including troubleshooting, standards interpretation, and network optimization. However, their deployment in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Qiushuo Hou , Sangwoo Park , Matteo Zecchin , Yunlong Cai , Guanding Yu , Osvaldo Simeone , Tommaso Melodia

Running Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices is crucial for reducing latency, improving real-time processing, and enhancing privacy. By performing inference directly on the device, data does not need to be sent to the cloud,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Tianhua Xia , Sai Qian Zhang

This article surveys Cognitive Edge Computing as a practical and methodical pathway for deploying reasoning-capable Large Language Models (LLMs) and autonomous AI agents on resource-constrained devices at the network edge. We present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Xubin Wang , Qing Li , Weijia Jia

An increasing number of mobile applications rely on Machine Learning (ML) routines for analyzing data. Executing such tasks at the user devices saves the energy spent on transmitting and processing large data volumes at distant…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Apostolos Galanopoulos , George Iosifidis , Theodoros Salonidis , Douglas J. Leith

We investigate a cooperative federated learning framework among devices for mobile edge computing, named CFLMEC, where devices co-exist in a shared spectrum with interference. Keeping in view the time-average network throughput of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Xinghan Wang , Xiaoxiong Zhong , Yuanyuan Yang , Tingting Yang

In this paper, with the aim of addressing the stringent computing and quality-of-service (QoS) requirements of recently introduced advanced multimedia services, we consider a cell-free massive MIMO-enabled mobile edge network. In…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Fitsum Debebe Tilahun , Ameha Tsegaye Abebe , Chung G. Kang

A fundamental issue for federated learning (FL) is how to achieve optimal model performance under highly dynamic communication environments. This issue can be alleviated by the fact that modern edge devices usually can connect to the edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Haizhou Du , Xiaojie Feng , Qiao Xiang , Haoyu Liu

While mobile edge computing (MEC) alleviates the computation and power limitations of mobile devices, additional latency is incurred when offloading tasks to remote MEC servers. In this work, the power-delay tradeoff in the context of task…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Chen-Feng Liu , Mehdi Bennis , H. Vincent Poor

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in natural language processing and content generation. However, current LLMs heavily rely on cloud computing, leading to prolonged latency, high bandwidth cost, and privacy concerns.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Mingjin Zhang , Jiannong Cao , Xiaoming Shen , Zeyang Cui

The Internet of Things (IoT) has been increasingly used in our everyday lives as well as in numerous industrial applications. However, due to limitations in computing and power capabilities, IoT devices need to send their respective tasks…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Ziad Qais Al Abbasi , Khaled M. Rabie , Senior Member , Xingwang Li , Senior Member , Wali Ullah Khan , Asma Abu Samah

While deploying large language models on edge devices promises low-latency and privacy-preserving AI services, it is hindered by limited device resources. Although pipeline parallelism facilitates distributed inference, existing approaches…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Xuran Liu , Nan Xue , Rui Bao , Yaping Sun , Zhiyong Chen , Meixia Tao , Xiaodong Xu , Shuguang Cui

Major bottlenecks of large-scale Federated Learning(FL) networks are the high costs for communication and computation. This is due to the fact that most of current FL frameworks only consider a star network topology where all local trained…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Thinh Quang Dinh , Diep N. Nguyen , Dinh Thai Hoang , Pham Tran Vu , Eryk Dutkiewicz

A growing number of critical workflow applications leverage a streamlined edge-hub-cloud architecture, which diverges from the conventional edge computing paradigm. An edge device, in collaboration with a hub device and a cloud server,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Andreas Kouloumpris , Georgios L. Stavrinides , Maria K. Michael , Theocharis Theocharides

Optimizing the deployment of large language models (LLMs) in edge computing environments is critical for enhancing privacy and computational efficiency. Toward efficient wireless LLM inference in edge computing, this study comprehensively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Yuxuan Chen , Rongpeng Li , Xiaoxue Yu , Zhifeng Zhao , Honggang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) deliver superior performance but require substantial computational resources and operate with relatively low efficiency, while smaller models can efficiently handle simpler tasks with fewer resources. LLM…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Kai Mei , Wujiang Xu , Minghao Guo , Shuhang Lin , Yongfeng Zhang

Edge deployment of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) faces a tradeoff between latency and accuracy: cloud execution provides high-quality predictions but incurs communication delay and energy cost, while edge-only execution is faster but less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ahmed Šabanović , Paul Joe Maliakel , Ivona Brandić

Fine-tuning is the process of adapting the pre-trained large language models (LLMs) for downstream tasks. Due to substantial parameters, fine-tuning LLMs on mobile devices demands considerable memory resources, and suffers from high…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Songge Zhang , Guoliang Cheng , Xinyu Huang , Zuguang Li , Wen Wu , Lingyang Song , Xuemin Shen

Large language model (LLM) inference at the network edge is a promising serving paradigm that leverages distributed edge resources to run inference near users and enhance privacy. Existing edge-based LLM inference systems typically adopt…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Bingjie Zhu , Zhixiong Chen , Liqiang Zhao , Hyundong Shin , Arumugam Nallanathan

Neural networks training on edge terminals is essential for edge AI computing, which needs to be adaptive to evolving environment. Quantised models can efficiently run on edge devices, but existing training methods for these compact models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Tian Huang , Tao Luo , Ming Yan , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Rick Goh