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Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM) is able to make flexible conditional image generation from prior noise to real data, by introducing an independent noise-aware classifier to provide conditional gradient guidance at each time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Shengming Li , Guangcong Zheng , Hui Wang , Taiping Yao , Yang Chen , Shoudong Ding , Xi Li

Diffusion Probabilistic Models stand as a critical tool in generative modelling, enabling the generation of complex data distributions. This family of generative models yields record-breaking performance in tasks such as image synthesis,…

A wide variety of deep generative models has been developed in the past decade. Yet, these models often struggle with simultaneously addressing three key requirements including: high sample quality, mode coverage, and fast sampling. We call…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Zhisheng Xiao , Karsten Kreis , Arash Vahdat

Generative diffusion models have emerged as leading models in speech and image generation. However, in order to perform well with a small number of denoising steps, a costly tuning of the set of noise parameters is needed. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Robin San-Roman , Eliya Nachmani , Lior Wolf

It has been recognized that the data generated by the denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM) improves adversarial training. After two years of rapid development in diffusion models, a question naturally arises: can better diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Zekai Wang , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Min Lin , Weiwei Liu , Shuicheng Yan

We systematically study antithetic initial noise in diffusion models, discovering that pairing each noise sample with its negation consistently produces strong negative correlation. This universal phenomenon holds across datasets, model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jing Jia , Sifan Liu , Bowen Song , Wei Yuan , Liyue Shen , Guanyang Wang

Removing the shape noise from the observed weak lensing field, i.e., denoising, enhances the potential of WL by accessing information at small scales where the shape noise dominates without denoising. We utilise two machine learning (ML)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-13 Shohei D. Aoyama , Ken Osato , Masato Shirasaki

Score-based diffusion models generate new samples by learning the score function associated with a diffusion process. While the effectiveness of these models can be theoretically explained using differential equations related to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Doheon Kim

Foundation models enable prompt-based classifiers for zero-shot and few-shot learning. Nonetheless, the conventional method of employing fixed prompts suffers from distributional shifts that negatively impact generalizability to unseen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yingjun Du , Gaowen Liu , Yuzhang Shang , Yuguang Yao , Ramana Kompella , Cees G. M. Snoek

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) have gained great attention in adversarial purification. Current diffusion-based works focus on designing effective condition-guided mechanisms while ignoring a fundamental problem, i.e., the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Jiancheng Zhang , Peiran Dong , Yongyong Chen , Yin-Ping Zhao , Song Guo

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) have achieved impressive performance on various generation tasks. By modeling the reverse process of gradually diffusing the data distribution into a Gaussian distribution, generating a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Zhaoyang Lyu , Xudong XU , Ceyuan Yang , Dahua Lin , Bo Dai

Diffusion models have emerged from various theoretical and methodological perspectives, each offering unique insights into their underlying principles. In this work, we provide an overview of the most prominent approaches, drawing attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Solveig Klepper

Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) and diffusion models (DMs) generate high-quality data from a noise distribution. However, their sampling process demands multiple iterations to solve an ordinary differential equation (ODE) with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Denis Gudovskiy , Wenzhao Zheng , Tomoyuki Okuno , Yohei Nakata , Kurt Keutzer

We propose a general framework for optimizing noise schedules in diffusion models, applicable to both training and sampling. Our method enforces a constant rate of change in the probability distribution of diffused data throughout the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Shuntaro Okada , Kenji Doi , Ryota Yoshihashi , Hirokatsu Kataoka , Tomohiro Tanaka

We discover that common diffusion noise schedules do not enforce the last timestep to have zero signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and some implementations of diffusion samplers do not start from the last timestep. Such designs are flawed and do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Shanchuan Lin , Bingchen Liu , Jiashi Li , Xiao Yang

Understanding visual scenes is fundamental to human intelligence. While discriminative models have significantly advanced computer vision, they often struggle with compositional understanding. In contrast, recent generative text-to-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yujin Jeong , Arnas Uselis , Seong Joon Oh , Anna Rohrbach

Recently proposed generative models for discrete data, such as Masked Diffusion Models (MDMs), exploit conditional independence approximations to reduce the computational cost of popular Auto-Regressive Models (ARMs), at the price of some…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-18 Hugo Lavenant , Giacomo Zanella

Diffusion-based generative models have demonstrated a capacity for perceptually impressive synthesis, but can they also be great likelihood-based models? We answer this in the affirmative, and introduce a family of diffusion-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Diederik P. Kingma , Tim Salimans , Ben Poole , Jonathan Ho

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in visual content generation but remain challenging to deploy due to their high computational cost during inference. This computational burden primarily arises from the quadratic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Ye Tian , Xin Xia , Yuxi Ren , Shanchuan Lin , Xing Wang , Xuefeng Xiao , Yunhai Tong , Ling Yang , Bin Cui

Diffusion models are trained by learning a sequence of models that reverse each step of noise corruption. Typically, the model parameters are fully shared across multiple timesteps to enhance training efficiency. However, since the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Qianli Ma , Xuefei Ning , Dongrui Liu , Li Niu , Linfeng Zhang