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In this paper, we present an empirical study introducing a nuanced evaluation framework for text-to-image (T2I) generative models, applied to human image synthesis. Our framework categorizes evaluations into two distinct groups: first,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Muxi Chen , Yi Liu , Jian Yi , Changran Xu , Qiuxia Lai , Hongliang Wang , Tsung-Yi Ho , Qiang Xu

Despite their impressive capabilities, diffusion-based text-to-image (T2I) models can lack faithfulness to the text prompt, where generated images may not contain all the mentioned objects, attributes or relations. To alleviate these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Shyamgopal Karthik , Karsten Roth , Massimiliano Mancini , Zeynep Akata

Text-to-image (T2I) generation has greatly enhanced creative expression, yet achieving preference-aligned generation in a real-time and training-free manner remains challenging. Previous methods often rely on static, pre-collected…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yang Li , Songlin Yang , Xiaoxuan Han , Wei Wang , Jing Dong , Yueming Lyu , Ziyu Xue

We introduce EGIC, an enhanced generative image compression method that allows traversing the distortion-perception curve efficiently from a single model. EGIC is based on two novel building blocks: i) OASIS-C, a conditional pre-trained…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-18 Nikolai Körber , Eduard Kromer , Andreas Siebert , Sascha Hauke , Daniel Mueller-Gritschneder , Björn Schuller

We present EPIC, an AI-driven platform designed to augment operational data analytics. EPIC employs a hierarchical multi-agent architecture where a top-level large language model provides query processing, reasoning and synthesis…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ahmad Maroof Karimi , Woong Shin , Jesse Hines , Tirthankar Ghosal , Naw Safrin Sattar , Feiyi Wang

Well-designed prompts can guide text-to-image models to generate amazing images. However, the performant prompts are often model-specific and misaligned with user input. Instead of laborious human engineering, we propose prompt adaptation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Yaru Hao , Zewen Chi , Li Dong , Furu Wei

Text-to-image (T2I) generation has seen significant progress with diffusion models, enabling generation of photo-realistic images from text prompts. Despite this progress, existing methods still face challenges in following complex text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Ashish Goswami , Satyam Kumar Modi , Santhosh Rishi Deshineni , Harman Singh , Prathosh A. P , Parag Singla

Large-scale diffusion-based generative models have led to breakthroughs in text-conditioned high-resolution image synthesis. Starting from random noise, such text-to-image diffusion models gradually synthesize images in an iterative fashion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Yogesh Balaji , Seungjun Nah , Xun Huang , Arash Vahdat , Jiaming Song , Qinsheng Zhang , Karsten Kreis , Miika Aittala , Timo Aila , Samuli Laine , Bryan Catanzaro , Tero Karras , Ming-Yu Liu

Despite substantial progress in text-to-image generation, achieving precise text-image alignment remains challenging, particularly for prompts with rich compositional structure or imaginative elements. To address this, we introduce Negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Sangha Park , Eunji Kim , Yeongtak Oh , Jooyoung Choi , Sungroh Yoon

Uncertainty quantification in text-to-image (T2I) generative models is crucial for understanding model behavior and improving output reliability. In this paper, we are the first to quantify and evaluate the uncertainty of T2I models with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Gianni Franchi , Dat Nguyen Trong , Nacim Belkhir , Guoxuan Xia , Andrea Pilzer

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) represents the latest incarnation of pre-trained vision-language models. Although CLIP has recently shown its superior power on a wide range of downstream vision-language tasks like Visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Sinuo Deng , Lifang Wu , Ge Shi , Lehao Xing , Meng Jian , Ye Xiang

Generative text-to-image models are advancing at an unprecedented pace, continuously shifting the perceptual quality ceiling and rendering previously collected labels unreliable for newer generations. To address this, we present ELIQ, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Xinyue Li , Zhiming Xu , Min Tang , Zhaolin Cai , Sijing Wu , Xiongkuo Min , Yitong Chen , Guangtao Zhai

While text-to-image (T2I) generative models have become ubiquitous, they do not necessarily generate images that align with a given prompt. While previous work has evaluated T2I alignment by proposing metrics, benchmarks, and templates for…

Text-to-Image models, including Stable Diffusion, have significantly improved in generating images that are highly semantically aligned with the given prompts. However, existing models may fail to produce appropriate images for the cultural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Suchae Jeong , Inseong Choi , Youngsik Yun , Jihie Kim

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely explored for embedding generation. While recent studies show that in-context learning (ICL) effectively enhances the representational capability of LLMs by prepending a few task-related…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ailiang Lin , Zhuoyun Li , Keyu Mao , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

Prompt engineering is an effective but labor-intensive way to control text-to-image (T2I) generative models. Its time-intensive nature and complexity have spurred the development of algorithms for automated prompt generation. However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yutong He , Alexander Robey , Naoki Murata , Yiding Jiang , Joshua Nathaniel Williams , George J. Pappas , Hamed Hassani , Yuki Mitsufuji , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , J. Zico Kolter

Despite their impressive realism, modern text-to-image models still struggle with compositionality, often failing to render accurate object counts, attributes, and spatial relations. To address this challenge, we present a training-free…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Minsuk Ji , Sanghyeok Lee , Namhyuk Ahn

Text-to-image generative models have achieved remarkable visual quality but still struggle with compositionality$-$accurately capturing object relationships, attribute bindings, and fine-grained details in prompts. A key limitation is that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Arman Zarei , Jiacheng Pan , Matthew Gwilliam , Soheil Feizi , Zhenheng Yang

Most existing vision-language pre-training (VLP) approaches adopt cross-modal masked language modeling (CMLM) to learn vision-language associations. However, we find that CMLM is insufficient for this purpose according to our observations:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yunhao Gou , Tom Ko , Hansi Yang , James Kwok , Yu Zhang , Mingxuan Wang

Text-to-Image (T2I) generative models have revolutionized content creation but remain highly sensitive to prompt phrasing, often requiring users to repeatedly refine prompts multiple times without clear feedback. While techniques such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Chieh-Yun Chen , Min Shi , Gong Zhang , Humphrey Shi