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It is unclear whether strong forecasting performance reflects genuine temporal understanding or the ability to reason under contextual and event-driven conditions. We introduce TemporalBench, a multi-domain benchmark designed to evaluate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Muyan Weng , Defu Cao , Wei Yang , Yashaswi Sharma , Yan Liu

The abrupt outbreak and transmission of biological diseases has always been a long-time concern of humankind. For long, mathematical modeling has served as a simple and yet efficient tool to investigate, predict, and control spread of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-10 Aresh Dadlani , Richard O. Afolabi , Hyoyoung Jung , Khosrow Sohraby , Kiseon Kim

Augmentation of disease diagnosis and decision-making in healthcare with machine learning algorithms is gaining much impetus in recent years. In particular, in the current epidemiological situation caused by COVID-19 pandemic, swift and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Leopold Franz , Yash Raj Shrestha , Bibek Paudel

Early event prediction (EEP) systems continuously estimate a patient's imminent risk to support clinical decision-making. For bedside trust, risk trajectories must be accurate and temporally stable, shifting only with new, relevant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Mayank Keoliya , Seewon Choi , Rajeev Alur , Mayur Naik , Eric Wong

Pathology foundation models (PFMs) have rapidly advanced and are becoming a common backbone for downstream clinical tasks, offering strong transferability across tissues and institutions. However, for dense prediction (e.g., segmentation),…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-05 Weiming Chen , Xitong Ling , Xidong Wang , Zhenyang Cai , Yijia Guo , Mingxi Fu , Ziyi Zeng , Minxi Ouyang , Jiawen Li , Yizhi Wang , Tian Guan , Benyou Wang , Yonghong He

Advancing epidemic dynamics forecasting is vital for targeted interventions and safeguarding public health. Current approaches mainly fall into two categories: mechanism-based and data-driven models. Mechanism-based models are constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Rui Sun , Chenghua Gong , Tianjun Gu , Yuhao Zheng , Jie Ding , Juyuan Zhang , Liming Pan , Linyuan Lü

Intraoperative monitoring and prediction of vital signs are critical for ensuring patient safety and improving surgical outcomes. Despite recent advances in deep learning models for medical time-series forecasting, several challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Xiuding Cai , Xueyao Wang , Sen Wang , Yaoyao Zhu , Jiao Chen , Yu Yao

Deep-learning survival models for electronic health record (EHR) data are hard to compare across papers because the upstream preprocessing step, which includes cohort definition, time discretisation, missingness handling, and censoring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Munib Mesinovic , Tingting Zhu

Multivariate time series forecasting plays a crucial role in various real-world applications. Significant efforts have been made to integrate advanced network architectures and training strategies that enhance the capture of temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Zhiding Liu , Jiqian Yang , Qingyang Mao , Yuze Zhao , Mingyue Cheng , Zhi Li , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly pivotal across various domains, especially in handling complex data types. This includes structured data processing, as exemplified by ChartQA and ChatGPT-Ada, and multimodal…

Accurate forecasting of multivariate time series remains challenging due to the need to capture both short-term fluctuations and long-range temporal dependencies. Transformer-based models have emerged as a powerful approach, but their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Aymane Harkati , Moncef Garouani , Olivier Teste , Julien Aligon , Mohamed Hamlich

Regional weather forecasting is a critical problem for localized climate adaptation, disaster mitigation, and sustainable development. While machine learning has shown impressive progress in global weather forecasting, regional forecasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Tung Nguyen , Harkanwar Singh , Nilay Naharas , Lucas Bandarkar , Aditya Grover

Accurate evaluation of weather forecasting models is critical for their reliable deployment in real-world applications. However, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on reanalysis products such as ERA5, which are generated through delayed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruize Li , Zhibin Wen , Tao Han , Hao Chen , Fenghua Ling , Wei Zhang , Song Guo , Lei Bai

In this paper, we introduce PredBench, a benchmark tailored for the holistic evaluation of spatio-temporal prediction networks. Despite significant progress in this field, there remains a lack of a standardized framework for a detailed and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 ZiDong Wang , Zeyu Lu , Di Huang , Tong He , Xihui Liu , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant advancements in event-based vision, yet the comprehensive evaluation of their capabilities within a unified benchmark remains largely unexplored. In this work, we introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Shaoyu Liu , Jianing Li , Guanghui Zhao , Yunjian Zhang , Xiangyang Ji

We introduce a unified benchmarking framework focused on evaluating EEG-based foundation models in clinical applications. The benchmark spans 11 well-defined diagnostic tasks across 14 publicly available EEG datasets, including epilepsy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Ard Kastrati , Josua Bürki , Jonas Lauer , Cheng Xuan , Raffaele Iaquinto , Roger Wattenhofer

It is well recognised that animal and plant pathogens form complex ecological communities of interacting organisms within their hosts. Although community ecology approaches have been applied to determine pathogen interactions at the…

Recent advances in deep learning have driven rapid progress in time series forecasting, yet many state-of-the-art models continue to struggle with robust performance in real-world applications, even when they achieve strong results on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Qitai Tan , Yiyun Chen , Mo Li , Ruiwen Gu , Yilin Su , Xiao-Ping Zhang

Foundation models are reshaping medical imaging, yet their application in echocardiography remains limited, hindered by a heavy reliance on private datasets that prevent reproducible comparison. Echocardiography poses unique challenges,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Darya Taratynova , Ahmed Aly , Numan Saeed , Mohammad Yaqub

Deep learning and large public datasets have recently catalyzed the proliferation of AI models for processing brain recordings. However, systematically evaluating these models remains a challenge: not only do the preprocessing pipelines,…