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Time-series forecasting in domains like traffic management and industrial monitoring often requires real-time, energy-efficient processing on edge devices with limited resources. Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer event-driven computation…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Kaiwen Tang , Jiaqi Zheng , Yuze Jin , Yupeng Qiu , Guangda Sun , Zhanglu Yan , Weng-Fai Wong

Image restoration requires simultaneously preserving fine-grained local structures and maintaining long-range spatial coherence. While convolutional networks struggle with limited receptive fields, and Transformers incur quadratic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Mohammed Hassanin , Nour Moustafa , Weijian Deng , Ibrahim Radwan

State Space Models (SSMs) are efficient alternatives to traditional sequence models, excelling at processing long sequences with lower computational complexity. Their reliance on matrix multiplications makes them ideal for compute-in-memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuannuo Feng , Wenyong Zhou , Yuexi Lyu , Hanjie Liu , Zhengwu Liu , Ngai Wong , Wang Kang

For multivariate time series (MTS) tasks, previous state space models (SSMs) followed the modeling paradigm of Transformer-based methods. However, none of them explicitly model the complex dependencies of MTS: the Channel Dependency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Haixiang Wu

Large language models (LLMs) face a daunting challenge due to the excessive computational and memory requirements of the commonly used Transformer architecture. While state space model (SSM) is a new type of foundational network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Wei He , Kai Han , Yehui Tang , Chengcheng Wang , Yujie Yang , Tianyu Guo , Yunhe Wang

Recent advances in deep learning have mainly relied on Transformers due to their data dependency and ability to learn at scale. The attention module in these architectures, however, exhibits quadratic time and space in input size, limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Ali Behrouz , Michele Santacatterina , Ramin Zabih

The realm of Mamba for vision has been advanced in recent years to strike for the alternatives of Vision Transformers (ViTs) that suffer from the quadratic complexity. While the recurrent scanning mechanism of Mamba offers computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Masakazu Yoshimura , Teruaki Hayashi , Yuki Hoshino , Wei-Yao Wang , Takeshi Ohashi

Compared to natural images, medical images usually show stronger visual patterns and therefore this adds flexibility and elasticity to resource-limited clinical applications by injecting proper priors into neural networks. In this paper, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-28 Hang Zhang , Rongguang Wang , Jinwei Zhang , Dongdong Liu , Chao Li , Jiahao Li

Traffic flow prediction, a critical aspect of intelligent transportation systems, has been increasingly popular in the field of artificial intelligence, driven by the availability of extensive traffic data. The current challenges of traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Zhiqi Shao , Michael G. H. Bell , Ze Wang , D. Glenn Geers , Haoning Xi , Junbin Gao

State Space Models (SSMs) are emerging as a compelling alternative to Transformers because of their consistent memory usage and high performance. Despite this, scaling up SSMs on cloud services or limited-resource devices is challenging due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Hung-Yueh Chiang , Chi-Chih Chang , Natalia Frumkin , Kai-Chiang Wu , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah , Diana Marculescu

Recent learned image compression (LIC) leverages Mamba-style state-space models (SSMs) for global receptive fields with linear complexity. However, the standard Mamba adopts content-agnostic, predefined raster (or multi-directional) scans…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yunuo Chen , Zezheng Lyu , Bing He , Hongwei Hu , Qi Wang , Yuan Tian , Li Song , Wenjun Zhang , Guo Lu

Efficient long-context language modeling remains a significant challenge in Natural Language Processing (NLP). While Transformers dominate language tasks, they struggle with long sequences due to quadratic computational complexity in…

We consider the problem of high-dimensional filtering of state-space models (SSMs) at discrete times. This problem is particularly challenging as analytical solutions are typically not available and many numerical approximation methods can…

Computation · Statistics 2022-01-13 Hamza Ruzayqat , Aimad Er-Raiy , Alexandros Beskos , Dan Crisan , Ajay Jasra , Nikolas Kantas

Transformers, powered by the attention mechanism, are the backbone of most foundation models, yet they suffer from quadratic complexity and difficulties in dealing with long-range dependencies in the input sequence. Recent work has shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Riccardo Zattra , Giacomo Baggio , Umberto Casti , Augusto Ferrante , Francesco Ticozzi

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) take inspiration from the brain to enable energy-efficient computations. Since the advent of Transformers, SNNs have struggled to compete with artificial networks on modern sequential tasks, as they inherit…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Matei Ioan Stan , Oliver Rhodes

Transformers have become one of the foundational architectures in point cloud analysis tasks due to their excellent global modeling ability. However, the attention mechanism has quadratic complexity, making the design of a linear complexity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Dingkang Liang , Xin Zhou , Wei Xu , Xingkui Zhu , Zhikang Zou , Xiaoqing Ye , Xiao Tan , Xiang Bai

State space models (SSMs) are a flexible approach to modeling complex time series. However, inference in SSMs is often computationally prohibitive for long time series. Stochastic gradient MCMC (SGMCMC) is a popular method for scalable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-11 Christopher Aicher , Yi-An Ma , Nicholas J. Foti , Emily B. Fox

State space models (SSMs) have shown impressive results on tasks that require modeling long-range dependencies and efficiently scale to long sequences owing to their subquadratic runtime complexity. Originally designed for continuous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Mahan Fathi , Jonathan Pilault , Orhan Firat , Christopher Pal , Pierre-Luc Bacon , Ross Goroshin

We present SCM (Sleep-Consolidated Memory), a research preview of a memory architecture for large language models that draws on neuroscientific principles to address a fundamental limitation in current systems: the absence of persistent,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Saish Sachin Shinde

Temporal human action detection aims to identify and localize action segments within untrimmed videos, serving as a pivotal task in video understanding. Despite the progress achieved by prior architectures like CNN and Transformer models,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yicheng Qiu , Keiji Yanai