English
Related papers

Related papers: CTFusion: A CTF-based Benchmark for LLM Agent Eval…

200 papers

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being deployed across various domains today. However, their capacity to solve Capture the Flag (CTF) challenges in cybersecurity has not been thoroughly evaluated. To address this, we develop a novel method…

Recent advances in LLM agentic systems have improved the automation of offensive security tasks, particularly for Capture the Flag (CTF) challenges. We systematically investigate the key factors that drive agent success and provide a…

Agentic large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated on cybersecurity tasks using capture-the-flag (CTF) benchmarks, yet existing pointwise benchmarks offer limited insight into agent robustness and generalisation across…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Shahin Honarvar , Amber Gorzynski , James Lee-Jones , Harry Coppock , Marek Rei , Joseph Ryan , Alastair F. Donaldson

Existing benchmarks for LLM-based offensive security agents use isolated, single-target setups with a known vulnerable service and fixed objective. They measure exploitation effectively, but miss how real Capture-the-Flag (CTF) participants…

Capture The Flag (CTF) challenges are puzzles related to computer security scenarios. With the advent of large language models (LLMs), more and more CTF participants are using LLMs to understand and solve the challenges. However, so far no…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Minghao Shao , Boyuan Chen , Sofija Jancheska , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Siddharth Garg , Ramesh Karri , Muhammad Shafique

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in code generation, yet they struggle with the multi-step, stateful reasoning required for offensive cybersecurity operations. Existing research often relies on static benchmarks that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 James Hugglestone , Samuel Jacob Chacko , Dawson Stoller , Ryan Schmidt , Xiuwen Liu

Capture-the-Flag (CTF) competitions are crucial for cybersecurity education and training. As large language models (LLMs) evolve, there is increasing interest in their ability to automate CTF challenge solving. For example, DARPA has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zimo Ji , Daoyuan Wu , Wenyuan Jiang , Pingchuan Ma , Zongjie Li , Shuai Wang

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly proposed for autonomous cybersecurity tasks, but their capabilities in realistic offensive settings remain poorly understood. We present DeepRed, an open-source benchmark for evaluating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Ali Al-Kaswan , Maksim Plotnikov , Maxim Hájek , Roland Vízner , Arie van Deursen , Maliheh Izadi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been used in cybersecurity such as autonomous security analysis or penetration testing. Capture the Flag (CTF) challenges serve as benchmarks to assess automated task-planning abilities of LLM agents for…

The assessment of cybersecurity Capture-The-Flag (CTF) exercises involves participants finding text strings or ``flags'' by exploiting system vulnerabilities. Large Language Models (LLMs) are natural-language models trained on vast amounts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Wesley Tann , Yuancheng Liu , Jun Heng Sim , Choon Meng Seah , Ee-Chien Chang

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly capable of autonomously conducting cyberattacks, posing significant threats to existing applications. This growing risk highlights the urgent need for a real-world benchmark to evaluate the…

Capture-the-Flag (CTF) competitions play a central role in modern cybersecurity as a platform for training practitioners and evaluating offensive and defensive techniques derived from real-world vulnerabilities. Despite recent advances in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Xiaonan Liu , Zhihao Li , Xiao Lan , Hao Ren , Haizhou Wang , Xingshu Chen

Capture-the-Flag (CTF) competitions are increasingly becoming a testbed for evaluating AI capabilities at solving security tasks, due to the controlled environments and objective success criteria. Existing evaluations have focused on how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Tingxuan Tang , Nicolas Janis , Kalyn Asher Montague , Kevin Eykholt , Dhilung Kirat , Youngja Park , Jiyong Jang , Adwait Nadkarni , Yue Xiao

Although language model (LM) agents have demonstrated increased performance in multiple domains, including coding and web-browsing, their success in cybersecurity has been limited. We present EnIGMA, an LM agent for autonomously solving…

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly proposed to automate offensive security tasks, with recent studies reporting near human-level success rates in Capture-the-Flag (CTF) challenges. We here revisit these results, providing a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Youness Bouchari , Matteo Boffa , Marco Mellia , Idilio Drago , Thanh Minh Bui , Dario Rossi

Team collaboration among individuals with diverse sets of expertise and skills is essential for solving complex problems. As part of an interdisciplinary effort, we studied the effects of Capture the Flag (CTF) game, a popular and engaging…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Sang-Yoon Chang , Kay Yoon , Simeon Wuthier , Kelei Zhang

We introduce HackSynth, a novel Large Language Model (LLM)-based agent capable of autonomous penetration testing. HackSynth's dual-module architecture includes a Planner and a Summarizer, which enable it to generate commands and process…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Lajos Muzsai , David Imolai , András Lukács

As the frequency of cyber threats increases, conventional penetration testing is failing to capture the entirety of todays complex environments. To solve this problem, we propose the Vulnerability Mitigation System (VMS), a novel agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Farzana Abdulzada

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have enabled powerful autonomous agents capable of complex reasoning and multi-modal tool use. Despite their growing capabilities, today's agent frameworks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Peiran Li , Xinkai Zou , Zhuohang Wu , Ruifeng Li , Shuo Xing , Hanwen Zheng , Zhikai Hu , Yuping Wang , Haoxi Li , Qin Yuan , Yingmo Zhang , Zhengzhong Tu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities when trained within executable runtime environments, notably excelling at software engineering tasks through verified feedback loops. Yet, scalable and generalizable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Terry Yue Zhuo , Dingmin Wang , Hantian Ding , Varun Kumar , Zijian Wang
‹ Prev 1 2 3 10 Next ›