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Group Relative Policy Optimization(GRPO) has become a cornerstone of modern reinforcement learning alignment, prized for its efficacy in foregoing an explicit value-critic by leveraging reward normalization across sampled trajectory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Redacted by arXiv

Recent advances in GPU-based parallel simulation have enabled practitioners to collect large amounts of data and train complex control policies using deep reinforcement learning (RL), on commodity GPUs. However, such successes for RL in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Eliot Xing , Vernon Luk , Jean Oh

Hierarchical reinforcement learning is a promising approach to tackle long-horizon decision-making problems with sparse rewards. Unfortunately, most methods still decouple the lower-level skill acquisition process and the training of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Alexander C. Li , Carlos Florensa , Ignasi Clavera , Pieter Abbeel

Tool-integrated reasoning (TIR) augments large language models (LLMs) with the ability to invoke external tools during long-form reasoning, such as search engines and code interpreters, to solve tasks beyond the capabilities of internal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hongru Wang , Cheng Qian , Wanjun Zhong , Xiusi Chen , Jiahao Qiu , Shijue Huang , Bowen Jin , Mengdi Wang , Kam-Fai Wong , Heng Ji

Very recently proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithms have been proposed as first-order optimization methods for effective reinforcement learning. While PPO is inspired by the same learning theory that justifies trust region policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Gang Chen , Yiming Peng , Mengjie Zhang

Current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) struggle with fine-grained or precise understanding of visuals although they give comprehensive perception and reasoning in a spectrum of vision applications. Recent studies either develop…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Ziang Yan , Zhilin Li , Yinan He , Chenting Wang , Kunchang Li , Xinhao Li , Xiangyu Zeng , Zilei Wang , Yali Wang , Yu Qiao , Limin Wang , Yi Wang

Despite Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) dominating policy gradient methods -- from robotic control to game AI -- its static trust region forces a brittle trade-off: aggressive clipping stifles early exploration, while late-stage updates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Ben Rahman

Legged locomotion in unstructured environments demands not only high-performance control policies but also formal guarantees to ensure robustness under perturbations. Control methods often require carefully designed reference trajectories,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Vrushabh Zinage , Narek Harutyunyan , Eric Verheyden , Fred Y. Hadaegh , Soon-Jo Chung

A significant portion of recent research on Large Language Model (LLM) alignment focuses on developing new policy optimization methods based on Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO). Two prominent directions have emerged: (i) a shift…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Svetlana Glazyrina , Maksim Kryzhanovskiy , Roman Ischenko

Off-road autonomous driving poses significant challenges such as navigating unmapped, variable terrain with uncertain and diverse dynamics. Addressing these challenges requires effective long-horizon planning and adaptable control.…

Offline reinforcement learning struggles with distributional shift and constrained performance due to static dataset limitations, while online RL demands prohibitive environment interactions. The recent advent of hybrid offline-to-online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Qisai Liu , Zhanhong Jiang , Joshua Russell Waite , Aditya Balu , Cody Fleming , Soumik Sarkar

In safe reinforcement learning (SRL) problems, an agent explores the environment to maximize an expected total reward and meanwhile avoids violation of certain constraints on a number of expected total costs. In general, such SRL problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Tengyu Xu , Yingbin Liang , Guanghui Lan

Industry is rapidly moving towards fully autonomous and interconnected systems that can detect and adapt to changing conditions, including machine hardware faults. Traditional methods for adding hardware fault tolerance to machines involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Sheila Schoepp , Mehran Taghian , Shotaro Miwa , Yoshihiro Mitsuka , Shadan Golestan , Osmar Zaïane

Multi-task reinforcement learning (MTRL) demonstrate potential for enhancing the generalization of a robot, enabling it to perform multiple tasks concurrently. However, the performance of MTRL may still be susceptible to conflicts between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Jinyuan Feng , Min Chen , Zhiqiang Pu , Tenghai Qiu , Jianqiang Yi

As large language models (LLMs) are rapidly advancing and achieving near-human capabilities on specific tasks, aligning them with human values is becoming more urgent. In scenarios where LLMs outperform humans, we face a weak-to-strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yougang Lyu , Lingyong Yan , Zihan Wang , Dawei Yin , Pengjie Ren , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren

State-of-the-art large multi-modal models (LMMs) face challenges when processing high-resolution images, as these inputs are converted into enormous visual tokens, many of which are irrelevant to the downstream task. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xinyu Huang , Yuhao Dong , Weiwei Tian , Bo Li , Rui Feng , Ziwei Liu

Order dispatch is a critical task in ride-sharing systems with Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), directly influencing efficiency and profits. Recently, Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has emerged as a promising solution to this problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zijian Zhao , Sen Li

We introduce Team Utility-Constrained Proximal Policy Optimization (TUC-PPO), a new deep reinforcement learning framework. It extends Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) by integrating team welfare objectives specifically for spatial public…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Zhaoqilin Yang , Xin Wang , Ruichen Zhang , Chanchan Li , Youliang Tian

Recently, test-time scaling Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional reasoning capabilities across scientific and professional tasks by generating long chains-of-thought (CoT). As a crucial component for developing these…

Recent advances in constrained reinforcement learning (RL) have endowed reinforcement learning with certain safety guarantees. However, deploying existing constrained RL algorithms in continuous control tasks with general hard constraints…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Shutong Ding , Jingya Wang , Yali Du , Ye Shi
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