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Learning from demonstrations in embodied control is often cast as behavioral cloning, and recent diffusion or flow-matching policies improve this paradigm by modeling multi-modal expert actions. Yet these methods remain offline supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zhenglin Wan , Jingxuan Wu , Xingrui Yu , Chubin Zhang , Mingcong Lei , Bo An , Ivor W. Tsang , Yang You

Self-distillation has emerged as a powerful framework for post-training LLMs, where a teacher conditioned on extra information guides a student without it, both from the same model. While this guidance is useful when the student has failed,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jeonghye Kim , Jiwon Jeon , Dongsheng Li , Yuqing Yang

We introduce Adversarial Sparse Teacher (AST), a robust defense method against distillation-based model stealing attacks. Our approach trains a teacher model using adversarial examples to produce sparse logit responses and increase the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Eda Yilmaz , Hacer Yalim Keles

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) still struggle with fine-grained visual understanding, where answers often depend on small but decisive evidence in the full image. We observe a regional-to-global perception gap: the same MLLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Qianhao Yuan , Jie Lou , Xing Yu , Hongyu Lin , Le Sun , Xianpei Han , Yaojie Lu

Growing efforts to improve knowledge distillation (KD) in large language models (LLMs) replace dense teacher supervision with selective distillation, which uses a subset of token positions, vocabulary classes, or training samples for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Almog Tavor , Itay Ebenspanger , Neil Cnaan , Mor Geva

On-policy distillation (OPD) is an effective post-training paradigm for large language models but requires a live teacher server throughout training, resulting in substantial infrastructure overhead. We investigate whether OPD can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yecheng Wu , Song Han , Hai Cai

Enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to continuously improve from environmental interactions is a central challenge in post-training. While on-policy self-distillation offers a promising paradigm, existing methods predominantly treat…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yuwei Zhang , Sha Li , Changlong Yu , Qin Lu , Shuowei Jin , Chengyu Dong , Haoran Liu , Ilgee Hong , Xintong Li , Zhenyu Shi , Bing Yin , Jingbo Shang

Inference-time harnesses substantially improve large language models on complex reasoning tasks. However, the intrinsic capabilities of the underlying model remain unchanged by the addition of these external workflows. To bridge this gap,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhengyang Zhao , Lu Ma , Wentao Zhang

Tool-integrated reasoning (TIR) is difficult to scale to small language models due to instability in long-horizon tool interactions and limited model capacity. While reinforcement learning methods like group relative policy optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Qiyong Zhong , Mao Zheng , Mingyang Song , Xin Lin , Jie Sun , Houcheng Jiang , Xiang Wang , Junfeng Fang

The performance of autoregressive models on natural language generation tasks has dramatically improved due to the adoption of deep, self-attentive architectures. However, these gains have come at the cost of hindering inference speed,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Alexander Lin , Jeremy Wohlwend , Howard Chen , Tao Lei

Knowledge distillation is of key importance to launching multilingual pre-trained language models for real applications. To support cost-effective language inference in multilingual settings, we propose AMTSS, an adaptive multi-teacher…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Qianglong Chen , Feng Ji , Feng-Lin Li , Guohai Xu , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Yin Zhang

Autoregressive video generators are attractive for streaming, long-horizon, and interactive applications, but distilling strong black-box teachers into causal students remains difficult. The student must learn under its own rollout…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yang Luo , Shengju Qian , Xiaohang Tang , Zirui Zhu , Yong Liu , Xin Wang , Yang You

Knowledge distillation usually transfers the knowledge from a pre-trained cumbersome teacher network to a compact student network, which follows the classical teacher-teaching-student paradigm. Based on this paradigm, previous methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Zheng Li , Xiang Li , Lingfeng Yang , Jian Yang , Zhigeng Pan

On-policy self-distillation (self-OPD) densifies reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) by letting a policy teach itself under privileged context. We find that when this guidance spans the full response, all-token KL spends…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiaxuan Wang , Xuan Ouyang , Zhiyu Chen , Yulan Hu , Zheng Pan , Xin Li , Lan-Zhe Guo

On-policy distillation has recently emerged as a promising alternative to standard sequence-level imitation, training a student by scoring its own rollouts with a teacher model. However, we observe ``Off-policy Teacher Decay'' problem in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zhou Ziheng , Jiaqi Li , Huacong Tang , Ying Nian Wu , Demetri Terzopoulos

Search-augmented reasoning agents interleave internal reasoning with calls to an external retriever, and their performance relies on the quality of each issued query. However, under outcome-reward reinforcement learning, every search…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yufei Ma , Zihan Liang , Ben Chen , Zhipeng Qian , Huangyu Dai , Lingtao Mao , Xuxin Zhang , Chenyi Lei , Wenwu Ou

We generalize deep self-attention distillation in MiniLM (Wang et al., 2020) by only using self-attention relation distillation for task-agnostic compression of pretrained Transformers. In particular, we define multi-head self-attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Wenhui Wang , Hangbo Bao , Shaohan Huang , Li Dong , Furu Wei

On-policy distillation (OPD) leverages dense teacher rewards to enhance reasoning models. However, scaling OPD to long-horizon tasks exposes a critical flaw: as the student's generated prefix inevitably diverges from the teacher's thought…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zhicheng Yang , Zhijiang Guo , Yifan Song , Minrui Xu , Yongxin Wang , Yiwei Wang , Xiaodan Liang , Jing Tang

With the rise of powerful closed-sourced LLMs (ChatGPT, GPT-4), there are increasing interests in distilling the capabilies of close-sourced LLMs to smaller open-sourced LLMs. Previous distillation methods usually prompt ChatGPT to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Hailin Chen , Amrita Saha , Steven Hoi , Shafiq Joty

Training vision-language models (VLMs) for complex reasoning remains a challenging task, i.a. due to the scarcity of high-quality image-text reasoning data. Conversely, text-based reasoning resources are abundant and scalable, but it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Walid Bousselham , Hilde Kuehne , Cordelia Schmid