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Our goal is to provide a review of deep learning methods which provide insight into structured high-dimensional data. Rather than using shallow additive architectures common to most statistical models, deep learning uses layers of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-11 Nick Polson , Vadim Sokolov

Recent advances in statistical inference have significantly expanded the toolbox of probabilistic modeling. Historically, probabilistic modeling has been constrained to (i) very restricted model classes where exact or approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Andrés R. Masegosa , Rafael Cabañas , Helge Langseth , Thomas D. Nielsen , Antonio Salmerón

Motivated by modern observational studies, we introduce a class of functional models that expands nested and crossed designs. These models account for the natural inheritance of correlation structure from sampling design in studies where…

Applications · Statistics 2013-04-26 Haochang Shou , Vadim Zipunnikov , Ciprian M. Crainiceanu , Sonja Greven

Statistical depth is the act of gauging how representative a point is compared to a reference probability measure. The depth allows introducing rankings and orderings to data living in multivariate, or function spaces. Though widely applied…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-28 George Wynne , Stanislav Nagy

Recent experimental advances in neuroscience have opened new vistas into the immense complexity of neuronal networks. This proliferation of data challenges us on two parallel fronts. First, how can we form adequate theoretical frameworks…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-12 Madhu Advani , Subhaneil Lahiri , Surya Ganguli

We present a deep transformation model for probabilistic regression. Deep learning is known for outstandingly accurate predictions on complex data but in regression tasks, it is predominantly used to just predict a single number. This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-02 Beate Sick , Torsten Hothorn , Oliver Dürr

The advent of deep learning has yielded powerful tools to automatically compute gradients of computations. This is because training a neural network equates to iteratively updating its parameters using gradient descent to find the minimum…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2023-03-01 Nathan Simpson , Lukas Heinrich

Nowadays, deep learning methods, especially the convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown impressive performance on extracting abstract and high-level features from the hyperspectral image. However, general training process of CNNs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Zhiqiang Gong , Ping Zhong , Weidong Hu

Signal processing, communications, and control have traditionally relied on classical statistical modeling techniques. Such model-based methods utilize mathematical formulations that represent the underlying physics, prior information and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-13 Nir Shlezinger , Jay Whang , Yonina C. Eldar , Alexandros G. Dimakis

Performative prediction is an emerging paradigm in machine learning that addresses scenarios where the model's prediction may induce a shift in the distribution of the data it aims to predict. Current works in this field often rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Guangzheng Zhong , Yang Liu , Jiming Liu

Traditional statistical estimation, or statistical inference in general, is static, in the sense that the estimate of the quantity of interest does not change the future evolution of the quantity. In some sequential estimation problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Aolin Xu

Recent years have been marked with the fast-pace diversification and increasing ubiquity of machine learning applications. Yet, a firm theoretical understanding of the surprising efficiency of neural networks to learn from high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-16 Hugo Cui

Deep neural networks have achieved impressive supervised classification performance in many tasks including image recognition, speech recognition, and sequence to sequence learning. However, this success has not been translated to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-05 Arvind Neelakantan , Quoc V. Le , Ilya Sutskever

Identifying governing equations for a dynamical system is a topic of critical interest across an array of disciplines, from mathematics to engineering to biology. Machine learning -- specifically deep learning -- techniques have shown their…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Nibodh Boddupalli , Timothy Matchen , Jeff Moehlis

Sequential Bayesian inference over predictive functions is a natural framework for continual learning from streams of data. However, applying it to neural networks has proved challenging in practice. Addressing the drawbacks of existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-29 Tim G. J. Rudner , Freddie Bickford Smith , Qixuan Feng , Yee Whye Teh , Yarin Gal

For four decades statistical physics has been providing a framework to analyse neural networks. A long-standing question remained on its capacity to tackle deep learning models capturing rich feature learning effects, thus going beyond the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-15 Jean Barbier , Francesco Camilli , Minh-Toan Nguyen , Mauro Pastore , Rudy Skerk

Neural networks are becoming increasingly popular in applications, but our mathematical understanding of their potential and limitations is still limited. In this paper, we further this understanding by developing statistical guarantees for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Johannes Lederer

We revisit the classical problem of comparing regression functions, a fundamental question in statistical inference with broad relevance to modern applications such as data integration, transfer learning, and causal inference. Existing…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-29 Jian Yan , Zhuoxi Li , Yang Ning , Yong Chen

Deep learning has recently led to great successes in tasks such as image recognition (e.g Krizhevsky et al., 2012). However, deep networks are still outmatched by the power and versatility of the brain, perhaps in part due to the richer…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-03-25 David P. Reichert , Thomas Serre

The use of machine learning for statistical modeling (and thus, generative modeling) has grown in popularity with the proliferation of time series models, text-to-image models, and especially large language models. Fundamentally, the goal…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-08-06 Achintya Gopal