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Matching codes are stabilizer codes based on Kitaev's honeycomb lattice model. The hexagonal form of these codes are particularly well-suited to the heavy-hexagon device layouts currently pursued in the hardware of IBM Quantum. Here we show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-13 James R. Wootton

We study properties of stabilizer codes that permit a local description on a regular D-dimensional lattice. Specifically, we assume that the stabilizer group of a code (the gauge group for subsystem codes) can be generated by local Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sergey Bravyi , Barbara Terhal

Fault-tolerant quantum computation relies on scaling up quantum error correcting codes in order to suppress the error rate on the encoded quantum states. Topological codes, such as the surface code or color codes are leading candidates for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Pedro Parrado-Rodríguez , Manuel Rispler , Markus Müller

Quantum error correction is critical to the design and manufacture of scalable quantum computing systems. Recently, there has been growing interest in quantum low-density parity-check codes as a resource-efficient alternative to surface…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Boren Gu , Andy Zeyi Liu , Armanda O. Quintavalle , Qian Xu , Jens Eisert , Joschka Roffe

We show how to perform scalable fault-tolerant non-Clifford gates in two dimensions by introducing domain walls between the surface code and a non-Abelian topological code whose codespace is stabilized by Clifford operators. We formulate a…

Quantum subsystem codes have been shown to improve error-correction performance, ease the implementation of logical operations on codes, and make stabilizer measurements easier by decomposing stabilizers into smaller-weight gauge operators.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 Oskar Novak , Narayanan Rengaswamy

Codes on hypergraphs are an extension of the well-studied family of codes on bipartite graphs. Bilu and Hoory (2004) constructed an explicit family of codes on regular t-partite hypergraphs whose minimum distance improves earlier estimates…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-12-10 Alexander Barg , Arya Mazumdar , Gilles Zémor

It is reasonable to expect the theory of quantum codes to be simplified in the case of codes of minimum distance 2; thus, it makes sense to examine such codes in the hopes that techniques that prove effective there will generalize. With…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eric M. Rains

Demonstrating subthreshold scaling of a surface-code quantum memory on hardware whose native connectivity does not match the code remains a central challenge. We address this on IBM heavy-hex superconducting processors by co-designing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Arian Vezvaee , Cesar Benito , Mario Morford-Oberst , Alejandro Bermudez , Daniel A. Lidar

This is a comprehensive review on fault-tolerant topological quantum computation with the surface codes. The basic concepts and useful tools underlying fault-tolerant quantum computation, such as universal quantum computation, stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-08 Keisuke Fujii

Whether it is at the fabrication stage or during the course of the quantum computation, e.g. because of high-energy events like cosmic rays, the qubits constituting an error correcting code may be rendered inoperable. Such defects may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Adam Siegel , Armands Strikis , Thomas Flatters , Simon Benjamin

We consider stabilizer measurements for surface codes with neutral atoms and identify gate protocols that minimize logical error rates in the presence of a fundamental error source -- spontaneous emission from Rydberg states. We demonstrate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Sven Jandura , Laura Pecorari , Guido Pupillo

In efforts to scale the size of quantum computers, modularity plays a central role across most quantum computing technologies. In the light of fault tolerance, this necessitates designing quantum error-correcting codes that are compatible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-16 Armands Strikis , Lucas Berent

Qudits offer significant advantages over qubit-based architectures, including more efficient gate compilation, reduced resource requirements, improved error-correction primitives, and enhanced capabilities for quantum communication and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Daniel J. Spencer , Andrew Tanggara , Tobias Haug , Derek Khu , Kishor Bharti

In this short review, I draw attention to new developments in the theory of fault tolerance in quantum computation that may give concrete direction to future work in the development of superconducting qubit systems. The basics of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 David P. DiVincenzo

We consider the surface code under errors featuring both coherent and incoherent components and study the coherence of the corresponding logical noise channel and how this impacts information-theoretic measures of code performance, namely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Jan Behrends , Benjamin Béri

Hypergraph product codes are a prototypical family of quantum codes with state-of-the-art decodability properties. In this work we consider the "noisy" syndrome decoding problem and exact recovery problem for hypergraph product codes and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Venkata Gandikota , Elena Grigorescu , Vatsal Jha , S. Venkitesh

Classical simulation of quantum circuits plays a crucial role in validating quantum hardware and delineating the boundaries of quantum advantage. Among the most effective simulation techniques are those based on the stabilizer extent, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Giulio Camillo , Filipa C. R. Peres , Markus Heinrich , Juani Bermejo-Vega

Quantum computers have the potential to change the way we solve computational problems. Due to the noisy nature of qubits, the need arises to correct physical errors occurring during computation. The surface code is a promising candidate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-06 Gyorgy P. Geher , Ophelia Crawford , Earl T. Campbell

We prove several theorems characterizing the existence of homological error correction codes both classically and quantumly. Not every classical code is homological, but we find a family of classical homological codes saturating the Hamming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 H. Bombin , M. A. Martin-Delgado