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Recently, large-scale diffusion models, e.g., Stable diffusion and DallE2, have shown remarkable results on image synthesis. On the other hand, large-scale cross-modal pre-trained models (e.g., CLIP, ALIGN, and FILIP) are competent for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Runhui Huang , Jianhua Han , Guansong Lu , Xiaodan Liang , Yihan Zeng , Wei Zhang , Hang Xu

We discover that common diffusion noise schedules do not enforce the last timestep to have zero signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and some implementations of diffusion samplers do not start from the last timestep. Such designs are flawed and do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Shanchuan Lin , Bingchen Liu , Jiashi Li , Xiao Yang

Most existing image denoising approaches assumed the noise to be homogeneous white Gaussian distributed with known intensity. However, in real noisy images, the noise models are usually unknown beforehand and can be much more complex. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-14 Fengyuan Zhu , Guangyong Chen , Jianye Hao , Pheng-Ann Heng

Diffusion-based generative models are a design framework that allows generating new images from processes analogous to those found in non-equilibrium thermodynamics. These models model the reversal of a physical diffusion process in which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Jordi de la Torre

Diffusion probabilistic models have demonstrated an outstanding capability to model natural images and raw audio waveforms through a paired diffusion and reverse processes. The unique property of the reverse process (namely, eliminating…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-23 Yen-Ju Lu , Yu Tsao , Shinji Watanabe

Denoising diffusion models, a class of generative models, have garnered immense interest lately in various deep-learning problems. A diffusion probabilistic model defines a forward diffusion stage where the input data is gradually perturbed…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-06 Amirhossein Kazerouni , Ehsan Khodapanah Aghdam , Moein Heidari , Reza Azad , Mohsen Fayyaz , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Dorit Merhof

This paper introduces a generative model designed for multimodal control over text-to-image foundation generative AI models such as Stable Diffusion, specifically tailored for engineering design synthesis. Our model proposes parametric,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Rui Zhou , Yanxia Zhang , Chenyang Yuan , Frank Permenter , Nikos Arechiga , Matt Klenk , Faez Ahmed

We derive a minimalist but powerful deterministic denoising-diffusion model. While denoising diffusion has shown great success in many domains, its underlying theory remains largely inaccessible to non-expert users. Indeed, an understanding…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Eric Heitz , Laurent Belcour , Thomas Chambon

A diffusion probabilistic model (DPM), which constructs a forward diffusion process by gradually adding noise to data points and learns the reverse denoising process to generate new samples, has been shown to handle complex data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Zhengxiong Luo , Dayou Chen , Yingya Zhang , Yan Huang , Liang Wang , Yujun Shen , Deli Zhao , Jingren Zhou , Tieniu Tan

Controllable image synthesis models allow creation of diverse images based on text instructions or guidance from a reference image. Recently, denoising diffusion probabilistic models have been shown to generate more realistic imagery than…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Xihui Liu , Dong Huk Park , Samaneh Azadi , Gong Zhang , Arman Chopikyan , Yuxiao Hu , Humphrey Shi , Anna Rohrbach , Trevor Darrell

Low-light photography produces images with low signal-to-noise ratios due to limited photons. In such conditions, common approximations like the Gaussian noise model fall short, and many denoising techniques fail to remove noise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Liying Lu , Raphaël Achddou , Sabine Süsstrunk

Although powerful for image generation, consistent and controllable video is a longstanding problem for diffusion models. Video models require extensive training and computational resources, leading to high costs and large environmental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Muhammad Haaris Khan , Hadrien Reynaud , Bernhard Kainz

We provide an overview of the diffusion model as a method to generate new samples. Generative models have been recently adopted for tasks such as art generation (Stable Diffusion, Dall-E) and text generation (ChatGPT). Diffusion models in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-13 Justin Le

Image noise modeling is a long-standing problem with many applications in computer vision. Early attempts that propose simple models, such as signal-independent additive white Gaussian noise or the heteroscedastic Gaussian noise model…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-03 Ali Maleky , Shayan Kousha , Michael S. Brown , Marcus A. Brubaker

We introduce Generalized Discrete Diffusion from Snapshots (GDDS), a unified framework for discrete diffusion modeling that supports arbitrary noising processes over large discrete state spaces. Our formulation encompasses all existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-24 Oussama Zekri , Théo Uscidda , Nicolas Boullé , Anna Korba

The primary axes of interest in image-generating diffusion models are image quality, the amount of variation in the results, and how well the results align with a given condition, e.g., a class label or a text prompt. The popular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Tero Karras , Miika Aittala , Tuomas Kynkäänniemi , Jaakko Lehtinen , Timo Aila , Samuli Laine

Diffusion models rely on a high-dimensional latent space of initial noise seeds, yet it remains unclear whether this space contains sufficient structure to predict properties of the generated samples, such as their classes. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Wei Wei , Yizhou Zeng , Kuntian Chen , Sophie Langer , Mariia Seleznova , Hung-Hsu Chou

The denoising process of diffusion models can be interpreted as an approximate projection of noisy samples onto the data manifold. Moreover, the noise level in these samples approximates their distance to the underlying manifold. Building…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Abulikemu Abuduweili , Chenyang Yuan , Changliu Liu , Frank Permenter

Iterative denoising-based generation, also known as denoising diffusion models, has recently been shown to be comparable in quality to other classes of generative models, and even surpass them. Including, in particular, Generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Yaniv Benny , Lior Wolf

Generative models realized with machine learning techniques are powerful tools to infer complex and unknown data distributions from a finite number of training samples in order to produce new synthetic data. Diffusion models are an emerging…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Marco Parigi , Stefano Martina , Filippo Caruso