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How can neural networks evolve themselves without relying on external optimizers? We propose Self-Referential Graph HyperNetworks, systems where the very machinery of variation and inheritance is embedded within the network. By uniting…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Joachim Winther Pedersen , Erwan Plantec , Eleni Nisioti , Marcello Barylli , Milton Montero , Kathrin Korte , Sebastian Risi

We present ScienceClaw + Infinite, a framework for autonomous scientific investigation in which independent agents conduct research without central coordination, and any contributor can deploy new agents into a shared ecosystem. The system…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Fiona Y. Wang , Lee Marom , Subhadeep Pal , Rachel K. Luu , Wei Lu , Jaime A. Berkovich , Markus J. Buehler

With the rapid growth of research publications, empowering scientists to keep oversight over the scientific progress is of paramount importance. In this regard, the Leaderboards facet of information organization provides an overview on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Salomon Kabongo , Jennifer D'Souza , Sören Auer

Leveraging multiple Large Language Models(LLMs) has proven effective for addressing complex, high-dimensional tasks, but current approaches often rely on static, manually engineered multi-agent configurations. To overcome these constraints,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Xiaowen Ma , Chenyang Lin , Yao Zhang , Volker Tresp , Yunpu Ma

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems empower large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge, yet struggle with efficiency-accuracy trade-offs when scaling to large knowledge graphs. Existing approaches often rely on monolithic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Ruiyi Yang , Hao Xue , Imran Razzak , Shirui Pan , Hakim Hacid , Flora D. Salim

In high-stakes legal domains, retrieval must preserve not only semantic relevance, but also the hierarchy, temporality, and causal provenance of legal norms. Standard Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), based mainly on semantic similarity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Hudson de Martim

Clinical image interpretation is inherently multi-step and tool-centric: clinicians iteratively combine visual evidence with patient context, quantify findings, and refine their decisions through a sequence of specialized procedures. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Lin Fan , Pengyu Dai , Zhipeng Deng , Haolin Wang , Xun Gong , Yefeng Zheng , Yafei Ou

When humans perform everyday tasks, we naturally adjust our actions based on the current state of the environment. For instance, if we intend to put something into a drawer but notice it is closed, we open it first. However, many autonomous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Che Rin Yu , Daewon Chae , Dabin Seo , Sangwon Lee , Hyeongwoo Im , Jinkyu Kim

We report fundamental insights into how agentic graph reasoning systems spontaneously evolve toward a critical state that sustains continuous semantic discovery. By rigorously analyzing structural (Von Neumann graph entropy) and semantic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Markus J. Buehler

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping scientific discovery, evolving from specialized computational tools into autonomous research partners. We position Agentic Science as a pivotal stage within the broader AI for Science paradigm,…

Large language models (LLMs) excel at solving complex tasks by executing agentic workflows composed of detailed instructions and structured operations. Yet, building general-purpose agents by manually embedding foundation models into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Chia-Tung Ho , Jing Gong , Xufeng Yao , Yunsheng Bai , Abhishek B Akkur , Haoxing Ren

Agentic AI represents a transformative shift in artificial intelligence, but its rapid advancement has led to a fragmented understanding, often conflating modern neural systems with outdated symbolic models -- a practice known as conceptual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Mohamad Abou Ali , Fadi Dornaika

Advancements in the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have created a promising foundation for developing autonomous agents. With the right tools, these agents could learn to solve tasks in new environments by accumulating and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Petr Anokhin , Nikita Semenov , Artyom Sorokin , Dmitry Evseev , Andrey Kravchenko , Mikhail Burtsev , Evgeny Burnaev

Designing plausible network models typically requires scholars to form a priori intuitions on the key drivers of network formation. Oftentimes, these intuitions are supported by the statistical estimation of a selection of network evolution…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Telmo Menezes , Camille Roth

Graphs are a natural representation for systems based on relations between connected entities. Combinatorial optimization problems, which arise when considering an objective function related to a process of interest on discrete structures,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Victor-Alexandru Darvariu , Stephen Hailes , Mirco Musolesi

Graphs are ubiquitous in real-world scenarios and encompass a diverse range of tasks, from node-, edge-, and graph-level tasks to transfer learning. However, designing specific tasks for each type of graph data is often costly and lacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yulan Hu , Sheng Ouyang , Zhirui Yang , Ge Chen , Junchen Wan , Xiao Wang , Yong Liu

The real world is awash with multi-agent problems that require collective action by self-interested agents, from the routing of packets across a computer network to the management of irrigation systems. Such systems have local incentives…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Michiel A. Bakker , Richard Everett , Laura Weidinger , Iason Gabriel , William S. Isaac , Joel Z. Leibo , Edward Hughes

Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (GraphRAG) systems construct knowledge graphs over document collections to support multi-hop reasoning. While prior work shows that GraphRAG responses may leak retrieved subgraphs, the feasibility…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Shuhua Yang , Jiahao Zhang , Yilong Wang , Dongwon Lee , Suhang Wang

Automated short answer grading (ASAG) is critical for scaling educational assessment, yet large language models (LLMs) often struggle with hallucinations and strict rubric adherence due to their reliance on generalized pre-training. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yucheng Chu , Haoyu Han , Shen Dong , Hang Li , Kaiqi Yang , Yasemin Copur-Gencturk , Joseph Krajcik , Namsoo Shin , Hui Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves the response quality of large language models (LLMs) by retrieving knowledge from external databases. Typical RAG approaches split the text database into chunks, organizing them in a flat…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Boyu Chen , Zirui Guo , Zidan Yang , Yuluo Chen , Junze Chen , Zhenghao Liu , Chuan Shi , Cheng Yang