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The estimation of multi-qubit observables is a key task in quantum information science. The standard approach is to decompose a multi-qubit observable into a weighted sum of Pauli strings. The observable can then be estimated from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-01 L. A. Markovich , J. Borregaard

Quantum computation represents a computational paradigm whose distinctive attributes confer the ability to devise algorithms with asymptotic performance levels significantly superior to those achievable via classical computation. Recent…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Domenico Cantone , Simone Faro , Arianna Pavone , Caterina Viola

We consider the quantum time complexity of the all pairs shortest paths (APSP) problem and some of its variants. The trivial classical algorithm for APSP and most all pairs path problems runs in $O(n^3)$ time, while the trivial algorithm in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-24 Aran Nayebi , Virginia Vassilevska Williams

The ubiquity of stabilizer circuits in the design and operation of quantum computers makes techniques to verify their correctness essential. The simulation of stabilizer circuits, which aims to replicate their behavior using a classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-19 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Michael Beverland , Adam Paetznick

Fault-tolerant quantum computing will require accurate estimates of the resource overhead, but standard metrics such as gate fidelity and diamond distance have been shown to be poor predictors of logical performance. We present a scalable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 Pavithran Iyer , Aditya Jain , Stephen D. Bartlett , Joseph Emerson

In this study, we analyze the Rademacher complexity $ \mathcal{R}_{M} $ of a parameterized unitary whose generators are chosen from $ n $-qubit Pauli strings. Although generalization bounds for quantum machine learning models have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Hiroshi Ohno

We study measurements of the unitary generalization of Pauli operators. First, an analytical (constructive) solution to the eigenproblem of these operators is presented. Next, in the case of two subsystems, the Schmidt form of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Tomasz Paterek

We assume the permutation $\pi$ is given by an $n$-element array in which the $i$-th element denotes the value $\pi(i)$. Constructing its inverse in-place (i.e. using $O(\log{n})$ bits of additional memory) can be achieved in linear time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Grzegorz Guśpiel

Quantum computers provide an opportunity to efficiently sample from probability distributions that include non-trivial interference effects between amplitudes. Using a simple process wherein all possible state histories can be specified by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-22 Davide Provasoli , Benjamin Nachman , Wibe A. de Jong , Christian W Bauer

In this work we study the structure and cardinality of maximal sets of commuting and anticommuting Paulis in the setting of the abelian Pauli group. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for anticommuting sets to be maximal, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-12 Rahul Sarkar , Ewout van den Berg

Quantum computation is inherently hybrid, and fast classical manipulation of qubit operators is necessary to ensure scalability in quantum software. We introduce PauliEngine, a high-performance C++ framework that provides efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Leon Müller , Adelina Bärligea , Alexander Knapp , Jakob S. Kottmann

Estimation of expectation values of incompatible observables is an essential practical task in quantum computing, especially for approximating energies of chemical and other many-body quantum systems. In this work we introduce a method for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-14 Daniel McNulty , Filip B. Maciejewski , Michał Oszmaniec

Given a Hamiltonian that is a sum of commuting few-body terms, the commuting Hamiltonian problem is to determine if there exists a quantum state that is the simultaneous eigenstate of all of these terms that minimizes each term…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-20 Jijiang Yan , Dave Bacon

An important tool in algorithm design is the ability to build algorithms from other algorithms that run as subroutines. In the case of quantum algorithms, a subroutine may be called on a superposition of different inputs, which complicates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Stacey Jeffery

An explicit algorithm for performing Schumacher's noiseless compression of quantum bits is given. This algorithm is based on a combinatorial expression for a particular bijection among binary strings. The algorithm, which adheres to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Richard Cleve , David P. DiVincenzo

The parameterized matching problem is a variant of string matching, which is to search for all parameterized occurrences of a pattern $P$ in a text $T$. In considering matching algorithms, the combinatorial natures of strings, especially…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Haruki Ideguchi , Diptarama Hendrian , Ryo Yoshinaka , Ayumi Shinohara

Longest common extension queries (LCE queries) and runs are ubiquitous in algorithmic stringology. Linear-time algorithms computing runs and preprocessing for constant-time LCE queries have been known for over a decade. However, these…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-28 Maxime Crochemore , Costas S. Iliopoulos , Tomasz Kociumaka , Ritu Kundu , Solon P. Pissis , Jakub Radoszewski , Wojciech Rytter , Tomasz Waleń

Analysis of quantum error correcting codes is typically done using a stochastic, Pauli channel error model for describing the noise on physical qubits. However, it was recently found that coherent errors (systematic rotations) on physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-09 Daniel Greenbaum , Zachary Dutton

Simulating physical systems on near-term quantum computers often requires preparing states within constrained subspaces, like those with fixed particle number or spin. We use Lie algebraic techniques to prove that hardware-efficient gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Andreas Stergiou , Nicolas PD Sawaya

We propose a framework for analyzing classical sampling strategies for estimating the Hamming weight of a large string, when applied to a multi-qubit quantum system instead. The framework shows how to interpret such a strategy and how to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-17 Niek J. Bouman , Serge Fehr