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Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) has shown promise for grounded and interpretable reasoning, yet existing approaches often fail to provide reliable coverage guarantees over retrieved answers. While Conformal Prediction (CP) offers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shuhang Lin , Chuhao Zhou , Xiao Lin , Zihan Dong , Kuan Lu , Zhencan Peng , Jie Yin , Dimitris N. Metaxas

While large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing, they struggle with complex, multi-step reasoning tasks involving knowledge graphs (KGs). Existing approaches that integrate LLMs and KGs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Zixuan Dong , Baoyun Peng , Yufei Wang , Jia Fu , Xiaodong Wang , Yongxue Shan , Xin Zhou

Knowledge graph (KG) based reasoning has been regarded as an effective means for the analysis of semantic networks and is of great usefulness in areas of information retrieval, recommendation, decision-making, and man-machine interaction.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Qinghua Huang , Yongzhen Wang

Although Large Language Models achieve strong success in many tasks, they still suffer from hallucinations and knowledge deficiencies in real-world applications. Many knowledge graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (KG-RAG) methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Hairu Wang , Yuan Feng , Xike Xie , S Kevin Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with producing factually consistent answers due to limitations in their parametric memory. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) paradigms mitigate this issue by incorporating external knowledge at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Shanglin Wu , Lihui Liu , Jinho D. Choi , Kai Shu

Inductive knowledge graph completion (KGC) aims to predict missing triples with unseen entities. Recent works focus on modeling reasoning paths between the head and tail entity as direct supporting evidence. However, these methods depend…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Muzhi Li , Cehao Yang , Chengjin Xu , Zixing Song , Xuhui Jiang , Jian Guo , Ho-fung Leung , Irwin King

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates hallucination in Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external data, with Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offering crucial information for question answering. Traditional Knowledge Graph…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Yushi Sun , Kai Sun , Yifan Ethan Xu , Xiao Yang , Xin Luna Dong , Nan Tang , Lei Chen

Despite their competitive performance on knowledge-intensive tasks, large language models (LLMs) still have limitations in memorizing all world knowledge especially long tail knowledge. In this paper, we study the KG-augmented language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Yike Wu , Nan Hu , Sheng Bi , Guilin Qi , Jie Ren , Anhuan Xie , Wei Song

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) have been utilized as useful side information to improve recommendation quality. In those recommender systems, knowledge graph information often contains fruitful facts and inherent semantic relatedness among items.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Yuhao Yang , Chao Huang , Lianghao Xia , Chenliang Li

The multi-relational Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) system performs multi-hop reasoning over the knowledge graph (KG) to achieve the answer. Recent approaches attempt to introduce the knowledge graph embedding (KGE) technique to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Guanglin Niu , Yang Li , Chengguang Tang , Zhongkai Hu , Shibin Yang , Peng Li , Chengyu Wang , Hao Wang , Jian Sun

Retrieval of information from graph-structured knowledge bases represents a promising direction for improving the factuality of LLMs. While various solutions have been proposed, a comparison of methods is difficult due to the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Alberto Cattaneo , Carlo Luschi , Daniel Justus

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong abilities in natural language understanding and generation, yet they struggle with knowledge-intensive reasoning. Structured Knowledge Graphs (KGs) provide an effective form of external knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Shuai Wang , Yinan Yu

Integrating structured knowledge from Knowledge Graphs (KGs) into Large Language Models (LLMs) remains a key challenge for symbolic reasoning. Existing methods mainly rely on prompt engineering or fine-tuning, which lose structural fidelity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Erica Coppolillo

Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) aims to interpret natural language queries and perform structured reasoning over knowledge graphs by leveraging their relational and semantic structures to retrieve accurate answers. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yingxu Wang , Shiqi Fan , Mengzhu Wang , Siyang Gao , Chao Wang , Nan Yin

Multi-hop Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) requires coherent reasoning across relational paths, yet existing methods often treat each reasoning step independently and fail to effectively leverage experience from prior explorations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yingxu Wang , Jiaxin Huang , Mengzhu Wang , Nan Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being adopted at an unprecedented rate, yet still face challenges in knowledge-intensive domains like biomedicine. Solutions such as pre-training and domain-specific fine-tuning add substantial computational…

Large language models have shown remarkable language processing and reasoning ability but are prone to hallucinate when asked about private data. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) retrieves relevant data that fit into an LLM's context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Alfred Clemedtson , Borun Shi

Sparse knowledge graph (KG) scenarios pose a challenge for previous Knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) methods, that is, the completion performance decreases rapidly with the increase of graph sparsity. This problem is also exacerbated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Tao He , Ming Liu , Yixin Cao , Zekun Wang , Zihao Zheng , Zheng Chu , Bing Qin

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance in natural language understanding and generation tasks. However, they often suffer from limitations such as difficulty in incorporating new knowledge, generating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yilin Wen , Zifeng Wang , Jimeng Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) provide flexible natural language processing capabilities, while knowledge graphs (KGs) offer explicit and structured knowledge. Integrating these two in a complementary manner enables the development of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Shusaku Egami , Aoi Ohta , Tomoki Tsujimura , Masaki Asada , Tatsuya Ishigaki , Ken Fukuda , Masahiro Hamasaki , Hiroya Takamura