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We present a detailed study of portfolio optimization using different versions of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). For a given list of assets, the portfolio optimization problem is formulated as quadratic binary…

Discovering configurations that are both high-utility and structurally diverse under expensive black-box evaluation and strict query budgets remains a central challenge in data-driven discovery. Many classical optimizers concentrate on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Saisubramaniam Gopalakrishnan , Dagnachew Birru

In order to qualify quantum algorithms for industrial NP-Hard problems, comparing them to available polynomial approximate classical algorithms and not only to exact ones -- exponential by nature -- , is necessary. This is a great challenge…

Traffic optimization on roads is a highly complex problem, with one important aspect being minimization of traffic congestion. By mapping to an Ising formulation of the traffic congestion problem, we benchmark solutions obtained from the…

Graph partitioning is one of an important set of well-known compute-intense (NP-hard) graph problems that devolve to discrete constrained optimization. We sampled solutions to the problem via two different quantum-ready methods to…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has emerged as a promising approach for addressing combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum hardware. In this work, we conduct an empirical evaluation of QAOA on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Evgenii Dolzhkov , Franz G. Fuchs , Dirk Oliver Theis

The $p$-stage Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA$_p$) is a promising approach for combinatorial optimization on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, but its theoretical behavior is not well understood beyond $p=1$.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Kunal Marwaha

In low-depth implementations of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), the dominant cost is often the number of objective evaluations rather than circuit depth. We introduce a graph-conditioned trust-region method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Molena Huynh

Circuit cutting was originally designed to retrieve the expectation value of an observable with respect to a large quantum circuit by executing smaller circuit fragments. In this work, however, we demonstrate the application of circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-10 Friedrich Wagner , Christian Ufrecht , Martin Braun , Daniel D. Scherer

The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a widely studied quantum-classical iterative heuristic for combinatorial optimisation. While QAOA targets problems in complexity class NP, the classical optimisation procedure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Tom Krüger , Wolfgang Mauerer

It is hoped that quantum computers will offer advantages over classical computers for combinatorial optimization. Here, we introduce a feedback-based strategy for quantum optimization, where the results of qubit measurements are used to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-05 Alicia B. Magann , Kenneth M. Rudinger , Matthew D. Grace , Mohan Sarovar

Quantum computers may provide good solutions to combinatorial optimization problems by leveraging the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). The QAOA is often presented as an algorithm for noisy hardware. However, hardware…

An enhanced framework of quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is introduced and the parameter setting strategies are analyzed. The enhanced QAOA is as effective as the QAOA but exhibits greater computing power and flexibility,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-18 Mingyou Wu , Zhihao Liu , Hanwu Chen

One of the main limitations of variational quantum algorithms is the classical optimization of the highly dimensional non-convex variational parameter landscape. To simplify this optimization, we can reduce the search space using problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Isak Lyngfelt , Laura García-Álvarez

Quantum computing has the potential to improve our ability to solve certain optimization problems that are computationally difficult for classical computers, by offering new algorithmic approaches that may provide speedups under specific…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Ilya Tyagin , Marwa H. Farag , Kyle Sherbert , Karunya Shirali , Yuri Alexeev , Ilya Safro

Quantum computers are expected to offer significant advantages in solving complex optimization problems that are challenging for classical computers. Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems represent an important class…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Teemu Pihkakoski , Aravind Plathanam Babu , Pauli Taipale , Petri Liimatta , Matti Silveri

Quantum Annealing (QA) and QAOA are promising quantum optimisation algorithms used for finding approximate solutions to combinatorial problems on near-term NISQ systems. Many NP-hard problems can be reformulated as Quadratic Unconstrained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-06 Namasi G Sankar , Georgios Miliotis , Simon Caton

Despite its popularity, several empirical and theoretical studies suggest that the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has persistent issues in providing a substantial practical advantage. Numerical results for few qubits and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Gereon Koßmann , Lennart Binkowski , Lauritz van Luijk , Timo Ziegler , René Schwonnek

We study the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) in the context of the Max-Cut problem. Near-term (noisy) quantum devices are only able to (accurately) execute QAOA at low circuit depths while QAOA requires a relatively high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-24 Reuben Tate , Majid Farhadi , Creston Herold , Greg Mohler , Swati Gupta

The syndrome decoding problem is known to be NP-complete. The goal of the decoder is to find an error of low weight that corresponds to a given syndrome obtained from a parity-check matrix. We use the quantum approximate optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-21 Ching-Yi Lai , Kao-Yueh Kuo , Bo-Jyun Liao
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