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Convolutional autoencoders have emerged as popular methods for unsupervised defect segmentation on image data. Most commonly, this task is performed by thresholding a pixel-wise reconstruction error based on an $\ell^p$ distance. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Paul Bergmann , Sindy Löwe , Michael Fauser , David Sattlegger , Carsten Steger

Estimating uncertainty in deep learning models is critical for reliable decision-making in high-stakes applications such as medical imaging. Prior research has established that the difference between an input sample and its reconstructed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Xinran Xu , Li Rong Wang , Xiuyi Fan

This paper focuses on unpaired multi-view clustering (UMC), a challenging problem where paired observed samples are unavailable across multiple views. The goal is to perform effective joint clustering using the unpaired observed samples in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Like Xin , Wanqi Yang , Lei Wang , Ming Yang

Multimodal image fusion and semantic segmentation are critical for autonomous driving. Despite advancements, current models often struggle with segmenting densely packed elements due to a lack of comprehensive fusion features for guidance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Daixun Li , Weiying Xie , Mingxiang Cao , Yunke Wang , Yusi Zhang , Leyuan Fang , Yunsong Li , Chang Xu

The Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) is a well-known metric for evaluating instance-level long-tail learning problems. In the past two decades, many AUC optimization methods have been proposed to improve model performance under long-tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Boyu Han , Qianqian Xu , Zhiyong Yang , Shilong Bao , Peisong Wen , Yangbangyan Jiang , Qingming Huang

Large-scale foundation models have become the mainstream deep learning method, while in civil engineering, the scale of AI models is strictly limited. In this work, a vision foundation model is introduced for crack segmentation. Two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Kang Ge , Chen Wang , Yutao Guo , Yansong Tang , Zhenzhong Hu , Hongbing Chen

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a foundational model for image segmentation tasks, known for its strong generalization across diverse applications. However, its impressive performance comes with significant computational and resource…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xiaorui Sun , Jun Liu , Heng Tao Shen , Xiaofeng Zhu , Ping Hu

Segment Anything Model (SAM), a prompt-driven foundation model for natural image segmentation, has demonstrated impressive zero-shot performance. However, SAM does not work when directly applied to medical image segmentation, since SAM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Bin Xie , Hao Tang , Bin Duan , Dawen Cai , Yan Yan , Gady Agam

Automatic medical image segmentation is a fundamental step in computer-aided diagnosis, yet fully supervised approaches demand extensive pixel-level annotations that are costly and time-consuming. To alleviate this burden, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Lei Shi , Gang Li , Junxing Zhang

Recent advances in semantic segmentation of multi-modal remote sensing images have significantly improved the accuracy of tree cover mapping, supporting applications in urban planning, forest monitoring, and ecological assessment.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Yuanyuan Gui , Wei Li , Yinjian Wang , Xiang-Gen Xia , Mauro Marty , Christian Ginzler , Zuyuan Wang

In this study, we explore in depth a few under-studied topics at the intersection of uncertainty estimation and segmentation. Prior work has shown that the quality of uncertainty estimates can be very sensitive to a range of variables. As…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Michael Smith , Frank P. Ferrie

Background and objective: Uncertainty quantification is a pivotal field that contributes to realizing reliable and robust systems. It becomes instrumental in fortifying safe decisions by providing complementary information, particularly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-19 Jamil Fayyad , Shadi Alijani , Homayoun Najjaran

Uncertainty quantification is necessary for developers, physicians, and regulatory agencies to build trust in machine learning predictors and improve patient care. Beyond measuring uncertainty, it is crucial to express it in clinically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Jacopo Teneggi , J Webster Stayman , Jeremias Sulam

In medical image segmentation, heterogeneous privacy policies across institutions often make joint training on pooled datasets infeasible, motivating continual image segmentation-learning from data streams without catastrophic forgetting.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Jiayi Wang , Wei Dai , Haoyu Wang , Sihan Yang , Haixia Bi , Jian Sun

Many typical applications of object detection operate within a prescribed false-positive range. In this situation the performance of a detector should be assessed on the basis of the area under the ROC curve over that range, rather than…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-06-30 Sakrapee Paisitkriangkrai , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Amodal instance segmentation, which aims to detect and segment both visible and invisible parts of objects in images, plays a crucial role in various applications including autonomous driving, robotic manipulation, and scene understanding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Wei-En Tai , Yu-Lin Shih , Cheng Sun , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang , Hwann-Tzong Chen

Local feature detection and description play an important role in many computer vision tasks, which are designed to detect and describe keypoints in "any scene" and "any downstream task". Data-driven local feature learning methods need to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Jingqian Wu , Rongtao Xu , Zach Wood-Doughty , Changwei Wang , Shibiao Xu , Edmund Y. Lam

Quality control (QC) of MR images is essential to ensure that downstream analyses such as segmentation can be performed successfully. Currently, QC is predominantly performed visually and subjectively, at significant time and operator cost.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Richard Shaw , Carole H. Sudre , Sebastien Ourselin , M. Jorge Cardoso , Hugh G. Pemberton

Artificial intelligence has the potential to impact safety and efficiency in safety-critical domains such as construction, manufacturing, and healthcare. For example, using sensor data from wearable devices, such as inertial measurement…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Farida Al Haddad , Yuxin Wang , Malcolm Mielle

Change detection, i.e. identification per pixel of changes for some classes of interest from a set of bi-temporal co-registered images, is a fundamental task in the field of remote sensing. It remains challenging due to unrelated forms of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Foivos I. Diakogiannis , François Waldner , Peter Caccetta