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The interpretation of medical images is a challenging task, often complicated by the presence of artifacts, occlusions, limited contrast and more. Most notable is the case of chest radiography, where there is a high inter-rater variability…

Deep neural network models for image segmentation can be a powerful tool for the automation of motor claims handling processes in the insurance industry. A crucial aspect is the reliability of the model outputs when facing adverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Jan Küchler , Daniel Kröll , Sebastian Schoenen , Andreas Witte

While recent computer vision algorithms achieve impressive performance on many benchmarks, they lack robustness - presented with an image from a different distribution, (e.g. weather or lighting conditions not considered during training),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Sebastian Cygert , Bartłomiej Wróblewski , Karol Woźniak , Radosław Słowiński , Andrzej Czyżewski

Salient Object Detection (SOD) plays a crucial role in many computer vision applications, requiring accurate localization and precise boundary delineation of salient regions. In this work, we present a novel framework that integrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Abhinav Sagar

Image segmentation is a critical step in computational biomedical image analysis, typically evaluated using metrics like the Dice coefficient during training and validation. However, in clinical settings without manual annotations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Sikha O K , Meritxell Riera-Marín , Adrian Galdran , Javier García Lopez , Julia Rodríguez-Comas , Gemma Piella , Miguel A. González Ballester

Most machine learning-based image segmentation models produce pixel-wise confidence scores that represent the model's predicted probability for each class label at every pixel. While this information can be particularly valuable in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Bruno Viti , Elias Karabelas , Martin Holler

Segmentation quality assessment (SQA) plays a critical role in the deployment of a medical image based AI system. Users need to be informed/alerted whenever an AI system generates unreliable/incorrect predictions. With the introduction of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-18 Yizhe Zhang , Shuo Wang , Tao Zhou , Qi Dou , Danny Z. Chen

The advent of foundation models signals a new era in artificial intelligence. The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is the first foundation model for image segmentation. In this study, we evaluate SAM's ability to segment features from eye…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Virmarie Maquiling , Sean Anthony Byrne , Diederick C. Niehorster , Marcus Nyström , Enkelejda Kasneci

Segment Anything Models (SAM) have achieved remarkable success in object segmentation tasks across diverse datasets. However, these models are predominantly trained on large-scale semantic segmentation datasets, which introduce a bias…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Inbal Cohen , Boaz Meivar , Peihan Tu , Shai Avidan , Gal Oren

In semi-supervised medical image segmentation, most previous works draw on the common assumption that higher entropy means higher uncertainty. In this paper, we investigate a novel method of estimating uncertainty. We observe that, when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yinghuan Shi , Jian Zhang , Tong Ling , Jiwen Lu , Yefeng Zheng , Qian Yu , Lei Qi , Yang Gao

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) represents a significant breakthrough into foundation models for computer vision, providing a large-scale image segmentation model. However, despite SAM's zero-shot performance, its segmentation masks lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Xianjie Liu , Keren Fu , Yao Jiang , Qijun Zhao

Land-use and land cover (LULC) analysis is critical in remote sensing, with wide-ranging applications across diverse fields such as agriculture, utilities, and urban planning. However, automating LULC map generation using machine learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Sparsh Pekhale , Rakshith Sathish , Sathisha Basavaraju , Divya Sharma

The development of larger models for medical image analysis has led to increased performance. However, it also affected our ability to explain and validate model decisions. Models can use non-relevant parts of images, also called spurious…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Théo Sourget , Michelle Hestbek-Møller , Amelia Jiménez-Sánchez , Jack Junchi Xu , Veronika Cheplygina

Segment Anything Model (SAM) has gained significant recognition in the field of semantic segmentation due to its versatile capabilities and impressive performance. Despite its success, SAM faces two primary limitations: (1) it relies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yuchen Li , Li Zhang , Youwei Liang , Pengtao Xie

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation models often suffer from domain shift, where the models trained on a source domain do not generalize well to other unseen domains. As a prompt-driven foundation model with powerful…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-10 Yifan Gao , Wei Xia , Dingdu Hu , Wenkui Wang , Xin Gao

Radiologists possess diverse training and clinical experiences, leading to variations in the segmentation annotations of lung nodules and resulting in segmentation uncertainty.Conventional methods typically select a single annotation as the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Han Yang , Qiuli Wang , Yue Zhang , Zhulin An , Chen Liu , Xiaohong Zhang , S. Kevin Zhou

Unpaired image-to-image translation refers to learning inter-image-domain mapping in an unsupervised manner. Existing methods often learn deterministic mappings without explicitly modelling the robustness to outliers or predictive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Uddeshya Upadhyay , Yanbei Chen , Zeynep Akata

Accurate retinal vessel (RV) segmentation is a crucial step in the quantitative assessment of retinal vasculature, which is needed for the early detection of retinal diseases and other conditions. Numerous studies have been conducted to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Trung Dang , Huy Hoang Nguyen , Aleksei Tiulpin

Pixel-level annotation is costly in low-resource dermoscopy. We present RABC-Net, a reliability-aware annotation-free segmentation system that combines pseudo-label reliability learning, restricted target-domain adaptation, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yujie Yao , Yuhaohang He , Junjie Huang , Zhou Liu , Jiangzhao Li , Yan Qiao , Wen Xiao , Yunsen Liang , Xiaofan Li

Meta AI Research has recently released SAM (Segment Anything Model) which is trained on a large segmentation dataset of over 1 billion masks. As a foundation model in the field of computer vision, SAM (Segment Anything Model) has gained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Dongsheng Han , Chaoning Zhang , Yu Qiao , Maryam Qamar , Yuna Jung , SeungKyu Lee , Sung-Ho Bae , Choong Seon Hong