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While deep learning models have demonstrated remarkable success in numerous domains, their black-box nature remains a significant limitation, especially in critical fields such as medical image analysis and inference. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 David Zucker

Although deep learning models are powerful among various applications, most deep learning models are still a black box, lacking verifiability and interpretability, which means the decision-making process that human beings cannot understand.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Qianmengke Zhao , Ye Wang , Qun Liu

Deep neural learning uses an increasing amount of computation and data to solve very specific problems. By stark contrast, human minds solve a wide range of problems using a fixed amount of computation and limited experience. One ability…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Zihan Ye , Hikaru Shindo , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

We introduce neural networks for end-to-end differentiable proving of queries to knowledge bases by operating on dense vector representations of symbols. These neural networks are constructed recursively by taking inspiration from the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Tim Rocktäschel , Sebastian Riedel

Pre-trained large language models (LMs) struggle to perform logical reasoning reliably despite advances in scale and compositionality. In this work, we tackle this challenge through the lens of symbolic programming. We propose DSR-LM, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Hanlin Zhang , Jiani Huang , Ziyang Li , Mayur Naik , Eric Xing

Recent advances in the integration of deep learning with automated theorem proving have centered around the representation of logical formulae as inputs to deep learning systems. In particular, there has been a growing interest in adapting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Maxwell Crouse , Ibrahim Abdelaziz , Cristina Cornelio , Veronika Thost , Lingfei Wu , Kenneth Forbus , Achille Fokoue

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) deliver state-of-the-art performance in many image recognition and understanding applications. However, despite their outstanding performance, these models are black-boxes and it is hard to understand how they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Moustafa Alzantot , Amy Widdicombe , Simon Julier , Mani Srivastava

Despite their great success in recent years, deep neural networks (DNN) are mainly black boxes where the results obtained by running through the network are difficult to understand and interpret. Compared to e.g. decision trees or bayesian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Jan Niclas Reimann , Andreas Schwung

Recent years have seen rapid progress at the intersection between causality and machine learning. Motivated by scientific applications involving high-dimensional data, in particular in biomedicine, we propose a deep neural architecture for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Kai Lagemann , Christian Lagemann , Bernd Taschler , Sach Mukherjee

A key objective in the field of artificial intelligence is to develop cognitive models that can exhibit human-like intellectual capabilities. One promising approach to achieving this is through neural-symbolic systems, which combine the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Dongran Yu , Xueyan Liu , Shirui Pan , Anchen Li , Bo Yang

Neural networks are among the most accurate supervised learning methods in use today. However, their opacity makes them difficult to trust in critical applications, especially when conditions in training may differ from those in practice.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-03 Andrew Slavin Ross

Neural networks leverage robust internal representations in order to generalise. Learning them is difficult, and often requires a large training set that covers the data distribution densely. We study a common setting where our task is not…

Neural algorithmic reasoning is an emerging area of machine learning that focuses on building neural networks capable of solving complex algorithmic tasks. Recent advancements predominantly follow the standard supervised learning paradigm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Hefei Li , Chao Peng , Chenyang Xu , Zhengfeng Yang

State of the art algorithms for many pattern recognition problems rely on deep network models. Training these models requires a large labeled dataset and considerable computational resources. Also, it is difficult to understand the working…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Heather Riley , Mohan Sridharan

The field of machine learning (ML) is concerned with the question of how to construct algorithms that automatically improve with experience. In recent years many successful ML applications have been developed, such as datamining programs,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Sergio Alejandro Gomez , Carlos Ivan Chesñevar

Deep learning techniques are increasingly being adopted for classification tasks over the past decade, yet explaining how deep learning architectures can achieve state-of-the-art performance is still an elusive goal. While all the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Sakib Mostafa , Debajyoti Mondal

Advocates for Neuro-Symbolic Artificial Intelligence (NeSy) assert that combining deep learning with symbolic reasoning will lead to stronger AI than either paradigm on its own. As successful as deep learning has been, it is generally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Kyle Hamilton , Aparna Nayak , Bojan Božić , Luca Longo

The practical impact of deep learning on complex supervised learning problems has been significant, so much so that almost every Artificial Intelligence problem, or at least a portion thereof, has been somehow recast as a deep learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-19 Housam Khalifa Bashier Babiker , Randy Goebel

Advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and deep neural networks have driven significant progress in vision and text processing. However, achieving human-like reasoning and interpretability in AI systems remains a substantial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Shenzhe Zhu , Shengxiang Sun

Deep learning (DL) based language models achieve high performance on various benchmarks for Natural Language Inference (NLI). And at this time, symbolic approaches to NLI are receiving less attention. Both approaches (symbolic and DL) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Zeming Chen , Qiyue Gao , Lawrence S. Moss