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We introduce AvalancheBench, a benchmark for evaluating enterprise data agents through \emph{latent world recovery}. AvalancheBench improves on existing benchmarks in three ways. First, it evaluates analytical understanding rather than…

If AI models can detect when they are being evaluated, the effectiveness of evaluations might be compromised. For example, models could have systematically different behavior during evaluations, leading to less reliable benchmarks for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Joe Needham , Giles Edkins , Govind Pimpale , Henning Bartsch , Marius Hobbhahn

When a phone-use agent avoids harm, does that show safety, or simply inability to act? Existing evaluations often cannot tell. A harmful outcome may be avoided because the agent recognized the risk and chose the safe action, or because it…

Agentic frameworks are the software layer through which AI agents act in the world. Existing safety methods intervene on the model and therefore remain conditional on unverifiable properties of learned behavior. We introduce containment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Royce Moon , Lav R. Varshney

Benchmarks are necessary for healthcare evaluation, but are not sufficient for predicting deployment performance. Our position is that the evaluation--deployment gap arises not because of poorly designed benchmarks, but from implicit…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Naveen Raman , Santiago Cortes-Gomez , Mateo Dulce Rubio , Fei Fang , Bryan Wilder

Recent advances in browser-based LLM agents have shown promise for automating tasks ranging from simple form filling to hotel booking or online shopping. Current benchmarks measure agent performance in controlled environments, such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Su Kara , Fazle Faisal , Suman Nath

Modern clinical practice relies on evidence-based guidelines implemented as compact scoring systems composed of a small number of interpretable decision rules. While machine-learning models achieve strong performance, many fail to translate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Silas Ruhrberg Estévez , Christopher Chiu , Mihaela van der Schaar

Programming is a fundamentally interactive process, yet coding assistants are often evaluated using static benchmarks that fail to measure how well models collaborate with users. We introduce an interactive evaluation pipeline to examine…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Jane Pan , Ryan Shar , Jacob Pfau , Ameet Talwalkar , He He , Valerie Chen

AI agents are vulnerable to indirect prompt injection attacks, where malicious instructions embedded in external content or tool outputs cause unintended or harmful behavior. Inspired by the well-established concept of firewalls, we show…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Rishika Bhagwatkar , Kevin Kasa , Abhay Puri , Gabriel Huang , Irina Rish , Graham W. Taylor , Krishnamurthy Dj Dvijotham , Alexandre Lacoste

The rapid rise of autonomous AI systems and advancements in agent capabilities are introducing new risks due to reduced oversight of real-world interactions. Yet agent testing remains nascent and is still a developing science. As AI agents…

Benchmarking has long served as a foundational practice in machine learning and, increasingly, in modern AI systems such as large language models, where shared tasks, metrics, and leaderboards offer a common basis for measuring progress and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Philip Waggoner

Autonomous agents have recently achieved remarkable progress across diverse domains, yet most evaluations focus on short-horizon, fully observable tasks. In contrast, many critical real-world tasks, such as large-scale software development,…

Computer-Use Agents (CUAs) leverage large language models to execute GUI operations on desktop environments, yet they generate actions without evaluating action quality, leading to irreversible errors that cascade through subsequent steps.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Rongqian Chen , Yu Li , Zeyu Fang , Sizhe Tang , Weidong Cao , Tian Lan

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) as general-purpose agents is essential for understanding their capabilities and facilitating their integration into practical applications. However, the evaluation process presents substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Chang Ma , Junlei Zhang , Zhihao Zhu , Cheng Yang , Yujiu Yang , Yaohui Jin , Zhenzhong Lan , Lingpeng Kong , Junxian He

Memory-agent evaluations report fixed-snapshot accuracy or retrieval quality, but these scores do not show whether evidence remains usable as irrelevant sessions (sessions not annotated as task-relevant evidence for the query) accumulate.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jiaqi Shao , Yiyi Lu , Yunzhen Zhang , Bing Luo

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as simulated participants in social science experiments, but their behavior is often unstable and highly sensitive to design choices. Prior evaluations frequently conflate base-model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xuan Liu , Haoyang Shang , Zizhang Liu , Xinyan Liu , Yunze Xiao , Yiwen Tu , Haojian Jin

Verification is critical for improving agents: it provides the reward signal for Reinforcement Learning and enables inference-time gains through Test-Time Scaling (TTS). Despite its importance, verification in software engineering (SWE)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Mohit Raghavendra , Anisha Gunjal , Bing Liu , Yunzhong He

Users across enterprises increasingly rely on AI agents to query their data through natural language. However, building reliable data agents remains difficult because real-world data is often fragmented across multiple heterogeneous…

AI evaluation is undergoing a structural change. Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as systems that act over time through tools, environments, users, and other agents, while many evaluation practices still inherit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Keyang Xuan , Peiyang Song , Pan Lu , Pengrui Han , Wenkai Li , Zhenyu Zhang , Zexue He , Wenyue Hua , Manling Li , Jiaxuan You , Adrian Weller , Yizhong Wang , Jiaxin Pei

Agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in the software industry, contributing code as collaborators or even autonomous developers. As their presence grows, it becomes important to assess the current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Qixing Zhou , Jiacheng Zhang , Haiyang Wang , Rui Hao , Jiahe Wang , Minghao Han , Yuxue Yang , Shuzhe Wu , Feiyang Pan , Lue Fan , Dandan Tu , Zhaoxiang Zhang