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Low-rank adaptation of language models has been proposed to reduce the computational and memory overhead of fine-tuning pre-trained language models. LoRA incorporates trainable low-rank matrices into some parameters of the pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Saber Malekmohammadi , Golnoosh Farnadi

Despite the empirical success of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) in fine-tuning pre-trained models, there is little theoretical understanding of how first-order methods with carefully crafted initialization adapt models to new tasks. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Ziqing Xu , Hancheng Min , Lachlan Ewen MacDonald , Jinqi Luo , Salma Tarmoun , Enrique Mallada , Rene Vidal

Adapting foundation models under resource budgets relies heavily on Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), with LoRA being a standard modular solution. However, LoRA suffers from spectral interference. Low-rank updates often concentrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Lixian Chen , Jianhong Tan

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) emerges as a popular parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method, which proposes to freeze pretrained model weights and update an additive low-rank trainable matrix. In this work, we study the enhancement of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Fangzhao Zhang , Mert Pilanci

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) based on low-rank decomposition, such as LoRA, has become a standard for adapting large pretrained models. However, its behavior in sequential learning -- specifically regarding catastrophic forgetting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Muhammad Ahmad , Jingjing Zheng , Yankai Cao

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as an effective technique for reducing memory overhead in fine-tuning large language models. However, it often suffers from sub-optimal performance compared with full fine-tuning since the update is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xin Yu , Yujia Wang , Jinghui Chen , Lingzhou Xue

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a promising paradigm for Continual Learning. It independently updates its low-rank factors ($A$ and $B$), creating a composite update to the full weight matrix through their interaction. To prevent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Cheng Chen , Pengpeng Zeng , Yuyu Guo , Lianli Gao , Hengtao Shen , Jingkuan Song

Low Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is the de facto fine-tuning strategy to generate personalized images from pre-trained diffusion models. Choosing a good rank is extremely critical, since it trades off performance and memory consumption, but today…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Donald Shenaj , Federico Errica , Antonio Carta

In this paper, we introduce a subspace-inspired Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) method, which is computationally efficient, easy to implement, and readily applicable to large language, multimodal, and diffusion models. Initially, we equivalently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Taiqiang Wu , Jiahao Wang , Zhe Zhao , Ngai Wong

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has been prominently employed for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs). However, the limited expressive capacity of LoRA, stemming from the low-rank constraint, has been recognized as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zhiwei He , Zhaopeng Tu , Xing Wang , Xingyu Chen , Zhijie Wang , Jiahao Xu , Tian Liang , Wenxiang Jiao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang

With the emerging trend in generative models and convenient public access to diffusion models pre-trained on large datasets, users can fine-tune these models to generate images of personal faces or items in new contexts described by natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Dixi Yao

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, such as LoRA, reduce adaptation cost by injecting low-rank updates into pretrained weights. However, LoRA's down-projection is randomly initialized and data-agnostic, discarding potentially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Yuan Yin , Shashanka Venkataramanan , Tuan-Hung Vu , Andrei Bursuc , Matthieu Cord

The proliferation of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) models has democratized personalized text-to-image generation, enabling users to share lightweight models (e.g., personal portraits) on platforms like Civitai and Liblib. However, this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Jiahao Chen , junhao li , Yiming Wang , Zhe Ma , Yi Jiang , Chunyi Zhou , Qingming Li , Tianyu Du , Shouling Ji

Large Language Model (LLM) unlearning aims to remove targeted knowledge from a trained model, but practical deployments often require post-training quantization (PTQ) for efficient inference. However, aggressive low-bit PTQ can mask…

Federated Learning (FL) is a widely used framework for training models in a decentralized manner, ensuring that the central server does not have direct access to data from local clients. However, this approach may still fail to fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Sangwoo Park , Seanie Lee , Byungjoo Kim , Sung Ju Hwang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained popularity for fine-tuning large foundation models, leveraging low-rank matrices $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{B}$ to represent weight changes (i.e., $\Delta \mathbf{W} = \mathbf{B} \mathbf{A}$). This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Aochuan Chen , Jiashun Cheng , Zijing Liu , Ziqi Gao , Fugee Tsung , Yu Li , Jia Li

Although the advancements of pre-trained Large Language Models have significantly accelerated recent progress in NLP, their ever-increasing size poses significant challenges for conventional fine-tuning, especially in memory-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Chenxi Whitehouse , Fantine Huot , Jasmijn Bastings , Mostafa Dehghani , Chu-Cheng Lin , Mirella Lapata

Video editing using diffusion models has achieved remarkable results in generating high-quality edits for videos. However, current methods often rely on large-scale pretraining, limiting flexibility for specific edits. First-frame-guided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Chenjian Gao , Lihe Ding , Xin Cai , Zhanpeng Huang , Zibin Wang , Tianfan Xue

Low-rank adaptations (LoRAs) have revolutionized the finetuning of large foundation models, enabling efficient adaptation even with limited computational resources. The resulting proliferation of LoRAs presents exciting opportunities for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Theo Putterman , Derek Lim , Yoav Gelberg , Stefanie Jegelka , Haggai Maron

This paper investigates the application of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) to small models for cross-domain few-shot object detection in aerial images. Originally designed for large-scale models, LoRA helps mitigate overfitting, making it a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Hicham Talaoubrid , Anissa Mokraoui , Ismail Ben Ayed , Axel Prouvost , Sonimith Hang , Monit Korn , Rémi Harvey