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We present a novel quantum optimization-based route compression technique that significantly reduces storage requirements compared to conventional methods. Route optimization systems face critical challenges in efficiently storing selected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-07 Shunsuke Sotobayashi , Yuichiro Minato , Takao Tomono

In the pursuit of achieving near-term quantum advantage for combinatorial optimization problems, the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) are the primary methods of interest, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Adelina Bärligea , Benedikt Poggel , Jeanette Miriam Lorenz

Variational quantum algorithms have been advocated as promising candidates to solve combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum computers. Their methodology involves transforming the optimization problem into a quadratic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Zoé Verchère , Sourour Elloumi , Andrea Simonetto

Quantum approaches to combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) are often limited by the resource demands of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) encodings, which enlarge circuits through penalty terms and increase qubit and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Frederik Koch , Shahram Panahiyan , Rick Mukherjee , Joseph Doetsch , Dieter Jaksch

Variational Quantum optimization algorithms, such as the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) or the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), are among the most studied quantum algorithms. In our work, we evaluate and improve an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-24 David Winderl , Nicola Franco , Jeanette Miriam Lorenz

Mixed discrete-continuous optimization is central to engineering design, where discrete choices interact with continuous fields. These problems are difficult due to high-dimensional, complex search spaces. To tackle them, Quantum Annealing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Fabian Key , Lukas Freinberger , Mayu Muramatsu , Norbert Hosters

Quantum computing has emerged as a promising alternative for solving combinatorial optimization problems. The standard approach for encoding optimization problems on quantum processing units (QPUs) involves transforming them into their…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Meerzhan Kanatbekova , Vincenzo De Maio , Ivona Brandic

This paper investigates the scheduling problem of a fleet of electric vehicles, providing mobility as a service to a set of time-specified customers, where the operator needs to solve the routing and charging problem jointly for each EV.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-27 Canqi Yao , Shibo Chen , Mauro Salazar , Zaiyue Yang

Logistics has gained great attentions with the prosperous development of commerce, which is often seen as the classic optimal vehicle routing problem. Meanwhile, electric vehicle (EV) has been widely used in logistic fleet to curb the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-14 Canqi Yao , Shibo Chen , Zaiyue Yang

The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is an NP-optimization problem (NPO) that arises in various fields including transportation and logistics. The CVRP extends from the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), aiming to determine the most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-23 Ningyi Xie , Xinwei Lee , Dongsheng Cai , Yoshiyuki Saito , Nobuyoshi Asai , Hoong Chuin Lau

Integer programming (IP) is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem that is widely used to represent a diverse set of real-world problems spanning multiple fields, such as finance, engineering, logistics, and operations research. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-20 Kapil Goswami , Peter Schmelcher , Rick Mukherjee

Solving real-world optimization problems with quantum computing requires choosing between a large number of options concerning formulation, encoding, algorithm and hardware. Finding good solution paths is challenging for end users and…

We consider the problem of mapping a logical quantum circuit onto a given hardware with limited two-qubit connectivity. We model this problem as an integer linear program, using a network flow formulation with binary variables that includes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-27 Giacomo Nannicini , Lev S Bishop , Oktay Gunluk , Petar Jurcevic

Partitioning transportation networks into balanced and spatially coherent traffic zones is a fundamental yet computationally challenging task in intelligent transportation systems. The resulting optimization problem exhibits dense…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Ruimin Ke , Talha Azfar , Kaicong Huang , Shuyang Li

Operation management of nuclear power plants consists of several computationally hard problems. Searching for an in-core fuel loading pattern is among them. The main challenge of this combinatorial optimization problem is the exponential…

Quantum optimization solvers typically rely on one-variable-to-one-qubit mapping. However, the low qubit count on current quantum computers is a major obstacle in competing against classical methods. Here, we develop a qubit-efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Bhuvanesh Sundar , Maxime Dupont

In this paper, we describe the usage of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), which is a quantum-classical heuristic, to solve a combinatorial optimization and integer programming task known as Vehicle Routing Problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-26 Utkarsh Azad , Bikash K. Behera , Emad A. Ahmed , Prasanta K. Panigrahi , Ahmed Farouk

Qutrits, three-level quantum systems, have the advantage of potentially requiring fewer components than the typically used two-level qubits to construct equivalent quantum circuits. This work investigates the potential of qutrit parametric…

Quantum computers promise to outperform their classical counterparts at certain tasks. However, existing quantum devices are error-prone and restricted in size. Thus, effective compilation methods are crucial to exploit limited quantum…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Moritz Stargalla , Friedrich Wagner

In this work we propose a high-quality decomposition approach for qubit routing by swap insertion. This optimization problem arises in the context of compiling quantum algorithms onto specific quantum hardware. Our approach decomposes the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-15 Friedrich Wagner , Andreas Bärmann , Frauke Liers , Markus Weissenbäck