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This technical report presents methods developed by the UK AI Security Institute for assessing whether advanced AI systems reliably follow intended goals. Specifically, we evaluate whether frontier models sabotage safety research when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Alexandra Souly , Robert Kirk , Jacob Merizian , Abby D'Cruz , Xander Davies

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their remarkable performance across various language understanding tasks. While emerging benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate LLMs in various domains such as mathematics and computer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Junnan Dong , Zijin Hong , Yuanchen Bei , Feiran Huang , Xinrun Wang , Xiao Huang

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are deployed as collaborators in human decision-making. Yet, evaluation practices focus primarily on model accuracy rather than whether human-AI teams are prepared to collaborate safely and effectively.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Min Hun Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming scholarly tasks like search and summarization, but their reliability remains uncertain. Current evaluation metrics for testing LLM reliability are primarily automated approaches that prioritize…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Anna Martin-Boyle , William Humphreys , Martha Brown , Cara Leckey , Harmanpreet Kaur

Despite widespread deployment of Large Language Models, systematic evaluation of instruction-following capabilities remains challenging. While comprehensive benchmarks exist, focused assessments that quickly diagnose specific instruction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Richard J. Young , Brandon Gillins , Alice M. Matthews

Continuous Integration (CI) enforces repository-level correctness through multi-stage workflows and is central to modern software development, yet diagnosing and repairing CI failures remains challenging. Unlike traditional program repair,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Rabeya Khatun Muna , Md Nakhla Rafi , Tse-Hsun , Chen

Recent advancements in reasoning-enhanced large language models (LLMs), such as DeepSeek-R1 and OpenAI-o3, have demonstrated significant progress. However, their application in professional medical contexts remains underexplored,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Pengcheng Qiu , Chaoyi Wu , Shuyu Liu , Weike Zhao , Zhuoxia Chen , Hongfei Gu , Chuanjin Peng , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie

Although large language models (LLMs) have transformed AI, they still make mistakes and can explore unproductive reasoning paths. Self-correction capability is essential for deploying LLMs in safety-critical applications. We uncover a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ken Tsui

Existing omni-modal benchmarks attempt to measure modality-specific contributions, but their measurements are confounded: naturally co-occurring modalities carry correlated yet unequal information, making it unclear whether results reflect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zabir Al Nazi , Shubhashis Roy Dipta , Md Rizwan Parvez

In technical subjects characterized by high enrollment, such as Basic Hydraulics, the assessment of reports necessitates superior levels of objectivity, consistency, and formative feedback; goals often compromised by faculty workload. This…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Hugo Roger Paz

In recent years, the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), has revolutionized the paradigm of scientific discovery, establishing AI-for-Science (AI4Science) as a dynamic…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) are reshaping the paradigm of AI for Social Science (AI4SS), rigorously evaluating their capabilities in scholarly writing remains a major challenge. Existing benchmarks largely emphasize single-shot,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Houping Yue , Zixiang Di , Mei Jiang , Bingdong Li , Hao Hao , Yu Song , Bo Jiang , Aimin Zhou

The question of whether artificial entities deserve moral consideration has become one of the defining ethical challenges of AI research. Existing frameworks for moral patiency rely on verified ontological properties, such as sentience,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Faezeh B. Pasandi , Hannah B. Pasandi

In modern software development, multiple software components, often sourced from different contributors, including AI assistants, are combined to create a cohesive system. Although these components might each be individually safe, their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Peisen Lin , Yuntong Zhang , Andreea Costea , Abhik Roychoudhury

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in formal theorem proving, yet evaluating semantic correctness remains challenging. Existing evaluations rely on indirect proxies such as lexical overlap with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jongyoon Kim , Hojae Han , Seung-won Hwang

Trust is widely regarded as a critical component to building artificial intelligence (AI) systems that people will use and safely rely upon. As research in this area continues to evolve, it becomes imperative that the research community…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Michaela Benk , Sophie Kerstan , Florian v. Wangenheim , Andrea Ferrario

The rapid advancement of General Purpose AI (GPAI) models necessitates robust evaluation frameworks, especially with emerging regulations like the EU AI Act and its associated Code of Practice (CoP). Current AI evaluation practices depend…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Matteo Prandi , Vincenzo Suriani , Federico Pierucci , Marcello Galisai , Daniele Nardi , Piercosma Bisconti

Existing AI moral evaluation frameworks test for the production of correct-sounding ethical responses rather than the presence of genuine moral reasoning capacity. This paper introduces a novel probe methodology using literary narrative -…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-16 David C. Flynn

The proliferation of generative AI tools has rendered traditional modular assessments in computing and data-centric education increasingly ineffective, creating a disconnect between academic evaluation and authentic skill measurement. This…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Kaihua Ding

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in academic writing workflows, yet they frequently hallucinate by generating citations to sources that do not exist. This study analyzes 100 AI-generated hallucinated citations that…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Samar Ansari