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The growing integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into critical societal domains has raised concerns about embedded biases that can perpetuate stereotypes and undermine fairness. Such biases may stem from historical inequalities in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Riccardo Cantini , Alessio Orsino , Massimo Ruggiero , Domenico Talia

Large language models (LLMs) store vast amounts of knowledge, which often requires updates to correct factual errors, incorporate newly acquired information, or adapt model behavior. Model editing methods have emerged as efficient solutions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Fufang Wen , Shichang Zhang

Recently, there has been a growing interest in knowledge editing for Large Language Models (LLMs). Current approaches and evaluations merely explore the instance-level editing, while whether LLMs possess the capability to modify concepts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Xiaohan Wang , Shengyu Mao , Ningyu Zhang , Shumin Deng , Yunzhi Yao , Yue Shen , Lei Liang , Jinjie Gu , Huajun Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) usually suffer from knowledge cutoff or fallacy issues, which means they are unaware of unseen events or generate text with incorrect facts owing to outdated/noisy data. To this end, many knowledge editing…

Recent advances in multi-modal generative models have enabled significant progress in instruction-based image editing. However, while these models produce visually plausible outputs, their capacity for knowledge-based reasoning editing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yongliang Wu , Zonghui Li , Xinting Hu , Xinyu Ye , Xianfang Zeng , Gang Yu , Wenbo Zhu , Bernt Schiele , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Xu Yang

Knowledge editing aims at updating knowledge of large language models (LLMs) to prevent them from becoming outdated. Existing work edits LLMs at the level of factual knowledge triplets. However, natural knowledge updates in the real world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Hao Peng , Xiaozhi Wang , Chunyang Li , Kaisheng Zeng , Jiangshan Duo , Yixin Cao , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

In the rapidly advancing field of artificial intelligence, the concept of Red-Teaming or Jailbreaking large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a crucial area of study. This approach is especially significant in terms of assessing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Rima Hazra , Sayan Layek , Somnath Banerjee , Soujanya Poria

The security concerns surrounding Large Language Models (LLMs) have been extensively explored, yet the safety of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) remains understudied. In this paper, we observe that Multimodal Large Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Xin Liu , Yichen Zhu , Jindong Gu , Yunshi Lan , Chao Yang , Yu Qiao

Model editing has become an increasingly popular alternative for efficiently updating knowledge within language models. Current methods mainly focus on reliability, generalization, and locality, with many methods excelling across these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Qi Li , Xiang Liu , Zhenheng Tang , Peijie Dong , Zeyu Li , Xinglin Pan , Xiaowen Chu

Knowledge editing techniques have emerged as essential tools for updating the factual knowledge of large language models (LLMs) and multimodal models (LMMs), allowing them to correct outdated or inaccurate information without retraining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yuntao Du , Kailin Jiang , Zhi Gao , Chenrui Shi , Zilong Zheng , Siyuan Qi , Qing Li

The rapid development of Multimodal Large Reasoning Models (MLRMs) has demonstrated broad application potential, yet their safety and reliability remain critical concerns that require systematic exploration. To address this gap, we conduct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xinyue Lou , You Li , Jinan Xu , Xiangyu Shi , Chi Chen , Kaiyu Huang

This paper investigates using knowledge editing techniques to detoxify Large Language Models (LLMs). We construct a benchmark, SafeEdit, which covers nine unsafe categories with various powerful attack prompts and equips comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Mengru Wang , Ningyu Zhang , Ziwen Xu , Zekun Xi , Shumin Deng , Yunzhi Yao , Qishen Zhang , Linyi Yang , Jindong Wang , Huajun Chen

Ensuring the safety of large language model (LLM) applications is essential for developing trustworthy artificial intelligence. Current LLM safety benchmarks have two limitations. First, they focus solely on either discriminative or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Yutao Mou , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

Knowledge Editing is a technique that updates large language models (LLMs) with new information to maintain their world knowledge. This approach avoids the need to rebuild the model from scratch, thereby addressing the high costs associated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Changyue Wang , Weihang Su , Qingyao Ai , Yichen Tang , Yiqun Liu

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, they pose potential safety concerns, such as the ``jailbreak'' problem, wherein malicious instructions can manipulate LLMs to exhibit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yue Deng , Wenxuan Zhang , Sinno Jialin Pan , Lidong Bing

The increasing complexity of large language models (LLMs) raises concerns about their ability to "cheat" on standard Question Answering (QA) benchmarks by memorizing task-specific data. This undermines the validity of benchmark evaluations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yixiong Fang , Tianran Sun , Yuling Shi , Min Wang , Xiaodong Gu

Large language models (LLMs) are vulnerable when trained on datasets containing harmful content, which leads to potential jailbreaking attacks in two scenarios: the integration of harmful texts within crowdsourced data used for pre-training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Xiaoqun Liu , Jiacheng Liang , Muchao Ye , Zhaohan Xi

Knowledge editing has been proposed as an effective method for updating and correcting the internal knowledge of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing editing methods often struggle with complex tasks, such as multi-hop reasoning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Mengqi Zhang , Xiaotian Ye , Qiang Liu , Pengjie Ren , Shu Wu , Zhumin Chen

Despite their exceptional capabilities, large language models (LLMs) are prone to generating unintended text due to false or outdated knowledge. Given the resource-intensive nature of retraining LLMs, there has been a notable increase in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Jun-Yu Ma , Zhen-Hua Ling , Ningyu Zhang , Jia-Chen Gu

The application scope of Large Language Models (LLMs) continues to expand, leading to increasing interest in personalized LLMs that align with human values. However, aligning these models with individual values raises significant safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Sooyung Choi , Jaehyeok Lee , Xiaoyuan Yi , Jing Yao , Xing Xie , JinYeong Bak