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Recent advancements in Language Models (LMs) have demonstrated strong semantic reasoning capabilities, enabling their application in high-level decision-making for autonomous driving (AD). However, LMs operate over discrete token spaces and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Fan Ding , Xuewen Luo , Fengze Yang , Bo Yu , HwaHui Tew , Ganesh Krishnasamy , Junn Yong Loo

Visual traversability estimation is critical for autonomous navigation, but existing VLM-based methods rely on hand-crafted prompts, generalize poorly across embodiments, and output only traversability maps, leaving trajectory generation to…

Trajectory prediction is a fundamental task in Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), supporting efficient motion planning and real-time traffic safety management. Diffusion models have recently demonstrated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Bingzhang Wang , Kehua Chen , Yinhai Wang

Diffusion large language models (DLLMs) have emerged as powerful generative models with the promise of fast text generation through parallel decoding. However, realizing this potential in practice remains challenging: reducing the number of…

This paper introduces TopoDiffuser, a diffusion-based framework for multimodal trajectory prediction that incorporates topometric maps to generate accurate, diverse, and road-compliant future motion forecasts. By embedding structural cues…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Zehui Xu , Junhui Wang , Yongliang Shi , Chao Gao , Guyue Zhou

GPS trajectory data reveals valuable patterns of human mobility and urban dynamics, supporting a variety of spatial applications. However, traditional methods often struggle to extract deep semantic representations and incorporate…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Chunhou Ji , Qiumeng Li

Target-Oriented Dialogue (TOD) remains a significant challenge in the LLM era, where strategic dialogue planning is crucial for directing conversations toward specific targets. However, existing dialogue planning methods generate dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Hanwen Du , Bo Peng , Xia Ning

Accurate prediction of human or vehicle trajectories with good diversity that captures their stochastic nature is an essential task for many applications. However, many trajectory prediction models produce unreasonable trajectory samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Qingze , Liu , Danrui Li , Samuel S. Sohn , Sejong Yoon , Mubbasir Kapadia , Vladimir Pavlovic

Although autoregressive models have dominated language modeling in recent years, there has been a growing interest in exploring alternative paradigms to the conventional next-token prediction framework. Diffusion-based language models have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Chihan Huang , Hao Tang

Large language model (LLM) agents often suffer from high reasoning overhead, excessive token consumption, unstable execution, and inability to reuse past experiences in complex tasks like business queries, tool use, and workflow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Ruocan Wei , Shufeng Wang , Ziwei Shi

Recent Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in image understanding and natural language generation. However, current approaches focus predominantly on global image understanding, struggling to simulate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Fan Yang , Shurong Zheng , Hongyin Zhao , Yufei Zhan , Xin Li , Yousong Zhu , Chaoyang Zhao Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

In extreme environments such as underwater exploration and post-disaster rescue, tethered robots require continuous navigation while avoiding cable entanglement. Traditional planners struggle in these lifelong planning scenarios due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yifu Tian , Xinhang Xu , Thien-Minh Nguyen , Muqing Cao

Generating realistic human mobility data is essential for various application domains, including transportation, urban planning, and epidemic control, as real data is often inaccessible to researchers due to high costs and privacy concerns.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Siyu Li , Toan Tran , Haowen Lin , John Krumm , Cyrus Shahabi , Lingyi Zhao , Khurram Shafique , Li Xiong

Diffusion language models (DLMs) have strong theoretical efficiency but are limited by fixed-length decoding and incompatibility with key-value (KV) caches. Block diffusion mitigates these issues, yet still enforces a fixed block size and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yangzhou Liu , Yue Cao , Hao Li , Gen Luo , Zhe Chen , Weiyun Wang , Xiaobo Liang , Biqing Qi , Lijun Wu , Changyao Tian , Yanting Zhang , Yuqiang Li , Tong Lu , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai , Wenhai Wang

Diffusion Multi-modal Large Language Models (dMLLMs) have recently emerged as a novel architecture unifying image generation and understanding. However, developing effective and efficient Test-Time Scaling (TTS) methods to unlock their full…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yi Xin , Siqi Luo , Tianxiang Xu , Qi Qin , Haoxing Chen , Kaiwen Zhu , Zhiwei Zhang , Yangfan He , Rongchao Zhang , Jinbin Bai , Shuo Cao , Bin Fu , Junjun He , Yihao Liu , Yuewen Cao , Xiaohong Liu

End-to-end autonomous driving systems based on vision-language-action (VLA) models integrate multimodal sensor inputs and language instructions to generate planning and control signals. While autoregressive large language models and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Mingwang Xu , Jiahao Cui , Feipeng Cai , Hanlin Shang , Zhihao Zhu , Shan Luan , Yifang Xu , Neng Zhang , Yaoyi Li , Jia Cai , Siyu Zhu

Trajectory prediction serves as a critical functionality in autonomous driving, enabling the anticipation of future motion paths for traffic participants such as vehicles and pedestrians, which is essential for driving safety. Although…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Wei Dai , Shengen Wu , Wei Wu , Zhenhao Wang , Sisuo Lyu , Haicheng Liao , Limin Yu , Weiping Ding , Runwei Guan , Yutao Yue

Understanding how latent representations evolve during generation is a central open problem in large language model interpretability. We introduce \textbf{Dynamical Manifold Evolution Theory} (DMET), a phenomenological framework that models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yukun Zhang , Qi Dong , Mengkang Li

Diffusion language models (DLMs) are an attractive alternative to autoregressive models because they promise sublinear-time, parallel generation, yet practical gains remain elusive as high-quality samples still demand hundreds of refinement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hasan Amin , Yuan Gao , Yaser Souri , Subhojit Som , Ming Yin , Rajiv Khanna , Xia Song

Effective trajectory generation is essential for reliable on-board spacecraft autonomy. Among other approaches, learning-based warm-starting represents an appealing paradigm for solving the trajectory generation problem, effectively…