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Related papers: Annotations Mitigate Post-Training Mode Collapse

200 papers

Supervised and preference-based fine-tuning techniques have become popular for aligning large language models (LLMs) with user intent and correctness criteria. However, real-world training data often exhibits spurious correlations --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Julia Shuieh , Prasann Singhal , Apaar Shanker , John Heyer , George Pu , Samuel Denton

With the great success of pre-trained models, the pretrain-then-finetune paradigm has been widely adopted on downstream tasks for source code understanding. However, compared to costly training a large-scale model from scratch, how to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Deze Wang , Zhouyang Jia , Shanshan Li , Yue Yu , Yun Xiong , Wei Dong , Xiangke Liao

Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) require post-training methods such as supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on instruction-response pairs to enable instruction following. However, this process can potentially harm existing capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Yihan Wang , Andrew Bai , Nanyun Peng , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Continual post-training (CPT) is a popular and effective technique for adapting foundation models like multimodal large language models to specific and ever-evolving downstream tasks. While existing research has primarily concentrated on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Song Lai , Haohan Zhao , Rong Feng , Changyi Ma , Wenzhuo Liu , Hongbo Zhao , Xi Lin , Dong Yi , Qingfu Zhang , Hongbin Liu , Gaofeng Meng , Fei Zhu

We aim at finetuning a vision-language model without hurting its out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization. We address two types of OOD generalization, i.e., i) domain shift such as natural to sketch images, and ii) zero-shot capability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Jinwei Han , Zhiwen Lin , Zhongyisun Sun , Yingguo Gao , Ke Yan , Shouhong Ding , Yuan Gao , Gui-Song Xia

Annotators exhibit disagreement during data labeling, which can be termed as annotator label uncertainty. Annotator label uncertainty manifests in variations of labeling quality. Training with a single low-quality annotation per sample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Chen Zhou , Mohit Prabhushankar , Ghassan AlRegib

How can we train models whose post-trained capabilities survive subsequent fine-tuning? Rather than focusing on downstream interventions to mitigate forgetting of upstream capabilities, we study how upstream training choices - that is, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Lawrence Feng , Gaurav R. Ghosal , Jacob Mitchell Springer , Ziqian Zhong , Aditi Raghunathan

In most settings of practical concern, machine learning practitioners know in advance what end-task they wish to boost with auxiliary tasks. However, widely used methods for leveraging auxiliary data like pre-training and its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Lucio M. Dery , Paul Michel , Ameet Talwalkar , Graham Neubig

Large amounts of annotated data have become more important than ever, especially since the rise of deep learning techniques. However, manual annotations are costly. We propose a tool that enables researchers to create large, high-quality,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Franziska Weeber , Felix Hamborg , Karsten Donnay , Bela Gipp

Large language models are typically post-trained using supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL), yet effectively unifying efficient knowledge injection with robust generalization remains challenging. In this work, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wangjie Gan , Miao Pan , Linbo Xi , Wenqi Zhang , Jintao Chen , Jianwei Yin , Xuhong Zhang

Training a real-time gesture recognition model heavily relies on annotated data. However, manual data annotation is costly and demands substantial human effort. In order to address this challenge, we propose a framework that can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Junxiao Shen , Xuhai Xu , Ran Tan , Amy Karlson , Evan Strasnick

Learning effective recommendation models from sparse user interactions represents a fundamental challenge in developing sequential recommendation methods. Recently, pre-training-based methods have been developed to tackle this challenge.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Bo Peng , Srinivasan Parthasarathy , Xia Ning

Fine-tuning large pre-trained language models on downstream tasks is apt to suffer from overfitting when limited training data is available. While dropout proves to be an effective antidote by randomly dropping a proportion of units,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Tao Yang , Jinghao Deng , Xiaojun Quan , Qifan Wang , Shaoliang Nie

Annotation noise is widespread in datasets, but manually revising a flawed corpus is time-consuming and error-prone. Hence, given the prior knowledge in Pre-trained Language Models and the expected uniformity across all annotations, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Chang Shu

In this paper, we aim to improve the performance of semantic image segmentation in a semi-supervised setting in which training is effectuated with a reduced set of annotated images and additional non-annotated images. We present a method…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Jizong Peng , Guillermo Estrada , Marco Pedersoli , Christian Desrosiers

Instruction tuning enhances large language models (LLMs) to follow human instructions across diverse tasks, relying on high-quality datasets to guide behavior. However, these datasets, whether manually curated or synthetically generated,…

In this project, we have investigated the use of advanced machine learning methods, specifically fine-tuned large language models, for pre-annotating data for a lexical extension task, namely adding descriptive words (verbs) to an existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Jana Straková , Eva Fučíková , Jan Hajič , Zdeňka Urešová

Generalization is an important attribute of machine learning models, particularly for those that are to be deployed in a medical context, where unreliable predictions can have real world consequences. While the failure of models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Brennan Nichyporuk , Jillian Cardinell , Justin Szeto , Raghav Mehta , Jean-Pierre R. Falet , Douglas L. Arnold , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris , Tal Arbel

Many structured prediction problems (particularly in vision and language domains) are ambiguous, with multiple outputs being correct for an input - e.g. there are many ways of describing an image, multiple ways of translating a sentence;…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-11 Ashwin Kalyan , Stefan Lee , Anitha Kannan , Dhruv Batra

This study introduces a prescriptive annotation benchmark grounded in humanities research to ensure consistent, unbiased labeling of offensive language, particularly for casual and non-mainstream language uses. We contribute two newly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Xinmeng Hou