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Zero-sum Markov Stackelberg games can be used to model myriad problems, in domains ranging from economics to human robot interaction. In this paper, we develop policy gradient methods that solve these games in continuous state and action…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Denizalp Goktas , Arjun Prakash , Amy Greenwald

We consider multi-agent decision making where each agent optimizes its convex cost function subject to individual and coupling constraints. The constraint sets are compact convex subsets of a Euclidean space. To learn Nash equilibria, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-16 Tatiana Tatarenko , Maryam Kamgarpour

We extend the potential-based shaping method from Markov decision processes to multi-player general-sum stochastic games. We prove that the Nash equilibria in a stochastic game remains unchanged after potential-based shaping is applied to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-17 Xiaosong Lu , Howard M. Schwartz , Sidney N. Givigi

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) provides a principled framework for aligning AI systems with human preference data. For various reasons, e.g., personal bias, context ambiguity, lack of training, etc, human annotators may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Alexander Bukharin , Ilgee Hong , Haoming Jiang , Zichong Li , Qingru Zhang , Zixuan Zhang , Tuo Zhao

We study how to synthesize a robust and safe policy for autonomous systems under signal temporal logic (STL) tasks in adversarial settings against unknown dynamic agents. To ensure the worst-case STL satisfaction, we propose STLGame, a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Shuo Yang , Hongrui Zheng , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , George Pappas , Rahul Mangharam

This paper introduces risk-revising players to a class of games with incomplete information. These players enter the game with ex ante risk preferences represented by coherent risk measures and develop time-consistent interim revisions of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Shutian Liu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) integrate into our social and economic interactions, we need to deepen our understanding of how humans respond to LLMs opponents in strategic settings. We present the results of the first controlled…

General Economics · Economics 2025-05-19 Darija Barak , Miguel Costa-Gomes

One of the challenges of aligning large models with human preferences lies in both the data requirements and the technical complexities of current approaches. Predominant methods, such as RLHF, involve multiple steps, each demanding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Siliang Zeng , Yao Liu , Huzefa Rangwala , George Karypis , Mingyi Hong , Rasool Fakoor

This paper considers risk-averse learning in convex games involving multiple agents that aim to minimize their individual risk of incurring significantly high costs. Specifically, the agents adopt the conditional value at risk (CVaR) as a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-18 Zifan Wang , Yi Shen , Michael M. Zavlanos , Karl H. Johansson

We study stochastic effects on the lagging anchor dynamics, a reinforcement learning algorithm used to learn successful strategies in iterated games, which is known to converge to Nash points in the absence of noise. The dynamics is…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2012-04-20 James B. T. Sanders , Tobias Galla , Jonathan Shapiro

Prediction is a well-studied machine learning task, and prediction algorithms are core ingredients in online products and services. Despite their centrality in the competition between online companies who offer prediction-based products,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Omer Ben-Porat , Moshe Tennenholtz

This paper makes progress towards learning Nash equilibria in two-player zero-sum Markov games from offline data. Specifically, consider a $\gamma$-discounted infinite-horizon Markov game with $S$ states, where the max-player has $A$…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Yuling Yan , Gen Li , Yuxin Chen , Jianqing Fan

Adversarial training is a standard technique for training adversarially robust models. In this paper, we study adversarial training as an alternating best-response strategy in a 2-player zero-sum game. We prove that even in a simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Maria-Florina Balcan , Rattana Pukdee , Pradeep Ravikumar , Hongyang Zhang

We examine global non-asymptotic convergence properties of policy gradient methods for multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) problems in Markov potential games (MPG). To learn a Nash equilibrium of an MPG in which the size of state space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Dongsheng Ding , Chen-Yu Wei , Kaiqing Zhang , Mihailo R. Jovanović

We study a subclass of $n$-player stochastic games, namely, stochastic games with independent chains and unknown transition matrices. In this class of games, players control their own internal Markov chains whose transitions do not depend…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Tiancheng Qin , S. Rasoul Etesami

Zero-sum games arise in a wide variety of problems, including robust optimization and adversarial learning. However, algorithms deployed for finding a local Nash equilibrium in these games often converge to non-Nash stationary points. This…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Kushagra Gupta , Xinjie Liu , Ross Allen , Ufuk Topcu , David Fridovich-Keil

Interactions among selfish users sharing a common transmission channel can be modeled as a non-cooperative game using the game theory framework. When selfish users choose their transmission probabilities independently without any…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2009-05-31 Jaeok Park , Mihaela van der Schaar

We study a class of distributionally robust games where agents are allowed to heterogeneously choose their risk aversion with respect to distributional shifts of the uncertainty. In our formulation, heterogeneous Wasserstein ball…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Zifan Wang , Georgios Pantazis , Sergio Grammatico , Michael M. Zavlanos , Karl H. Johansson

Motivated by applications to data networks where fast convergence is essential, we analyze the problem of learning in generic N-person games that admit a Nash equilibrium in pure strategies. Specifically, we consider a scenario where…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-01 Johanne Cohen , Amélie Héliou , Panayotis Mertikopoulos

We study stochastic Nash equilibrium problems subject to heterogeneous uncertainty on the expected valued cost functions of the individual agents, where we assume no prior knowledge of the underlying probability distributions of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Georgios Pantazis , Barbara Franci , Sergio Grammatico