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A significant challenge in machine learning, particularly in noisy and low-data environments, lies in effectively incorporating inductive biases to enhance data efficiency and robustness. Despite the success of informed machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Katarzyna Kobalczyk , Mihaela van der Schaar

As predictive machine learning models become increasingly adopted and advanced, their role has evolved from merely predicting outcomes to actively shaping them. This evolution has underscored the importance of Trustworthy AI, highlighting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Fabio Michele Russo , Carlo Metta , Anna Monreale , Salvatore Rinzivillo , Fabio Pinelli

Classic image-restoration algorithms use a variety of priors, either implicitly or explicitly. Their priors are hand-designed and their corresponding weights are heuristically assigned. Hence, deep learning methods often produce superior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Majed El Helou , Sabine Süsstrunk

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded in scientific discovery, yet whether it can anticipate scientific progress remains unclear. To study this question, we introduce a temporally grounded evaluation framework for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Sean Wu , Pan Lu , Yupeng Chen , Jonathan Bragg , Yutaro Yamada , Peter Clark , David Clifton , Philip Torr , James Zou , Junchi Yu

With the rising adoption of Machine Learning across the domains like banking, pharmaceutical, ed-tech, etc, it has become utmost important to adopt responsible AI methods to ensure models are not unfairly discriminating against any group.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Bhushan Chaudhari , Himanshu Chaudhary , Aakash Agarwal , Kamna Meena , Tanmoy Bhowmik

Regularized linear regression is central to machine learning, yet its high-dimensional behavior with informative priors remains poorly understood. We provide the first exact asymptotic characterization of training and test risks for maximum…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-28 Malik Tiomoko , Ekkehard Schnoor

Most Fairness in AI research focuses on exposing biases in AI systems. A broader lens on fairness reveals that AI can serve a greater aspiration: rooting out societal inequities from their source. Specifically, we focus on inequities in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Shiri Dori-Hacohen , Roberto Montenegro , Fabricio Murai , Scott A. Hale , Keen Sung , Michela Blain , Jennifer Edwards-Johnson

The growing influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems on decision-making in critical domains has exposed their potential to cause significant harms, often rooted in biases embedded across the AI lifecycle. While existing frameworks…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Nicoleta Tantalaki , Sophia Vei , Athena Vakali

We present extensive empirical evidence showing that current Bayesian simulation-based inference algorithms can produce computationally unfaithful posterior approximations. Our results show that all benchmarked algorithms -- (Sequential)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-06 Joeri Hermans , Arnaud Delaunoy , François Rozet , Antoine Wehenkel , Volodimir Begy , Gilles Louppe

Learning useful representations with little or no supervision is a key challenge in artificial intelligence. We provide an in-depth review of recent advances in representation learning with a focus on autoencoder-based models. To organize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-13 Michael Tschannen , Olivier Bachem , Mario Lucic

Optimization is widely used in statistics, and often efficiently delivers point estimates on useful spaces involving structural constraints or combinatorial structure. To quantify uncertainty, Gibbs posterior exponentiates the negative loss…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-23 Cheng Zeng , Eleni Dilma , Jason Xu , Leo L Duan

Present practice of deciding on regulation faces numerous problems that make adopted regulations static, unexplained, unduly influenced by powerful interest groups, and stained with a perception of illegitimacy. These well-known problems…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Thomas Hofweber , Andreas Sudmann , Evangelos Pournaras

Reliable models should not only predict correctly, but also justify decisions with acceptable evidence. Yet conventional supervised learning typically provides only class-level labels, allowing models to achieve high accuracy through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ruoyu Chen , Shangquan Sun , Xiaoqing Guo , Sanyi Zhang , Kangwei Liu , Shiming Liu , Zhangcheng Wang , Qunli Zhang , Hua Zhang , Xiaochun Cao

We theoretically justify the recent empirical finding of [Teh et al., 2025] that a transformer pretrained on synthetically generated data achieves strong performance on empirical Bayes (EB) problems. We take an indirect approach to this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-18 Nick Cannella , Anzo Teh , Yanjun Han , Yury Polyanskiy

Remarkable success of modern image-based AI methods and the resulting interest in their applications in critical decision-making processes has led to a surge in efforts to make such intelligent systems transparent and explainable. The need…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Adriano Lucieri , Muhammad Naseer Bajwa , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

When using complex Bayesian models to combine information, the checking for consistency of the information being combined is good statistical practice. Here a new method is developed for detecting prior-data conflicts in Bayesian models…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-11-29 David J. Nott , Xueou Wang , Michael Evans , Berthold-Georg Englert

Bayesian inference usually requires running potentially costly inference procedures separately for every new observation. In contrast, the idea of amortized Bayesian inference is to initially invest computational cost in training an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Manuel Glöckler , Michael Deistler , Jakob H. Macke

In today's society, where Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained a vital role, concerns regarding user's trust have garnered significant attention. The use of AI systems in high-risk domains have often led users to either under-trust it,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Siddharth Mehrotra , Ujwal Gadiraju , Eva Bittner , Folkert van Delden , Catholijn M. Jonker , Myrthe L. Tielman

While diffusion priors generate high-quality posterior samples across many inverse problems, they are often trained on limited training sets or purely simulated data, thus inheriting the errors and biases of these underlying sources.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Frederic Wang , Katherine L. Bouman

Developing and implementing AI-based solutions help state and federal government agencies, research institutions, and commercial companies enhance decision-making processes, automate chain operations, and reduce the consumption of natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Andrei Svetovidov , Abdul Rahman , Feras A. Batarseh
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