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AI agents are increasingly being deployed to automate tasks, often based on underspecified user instructions. Making unwarranted assumptions to compensate for the missing information and failing to ask clarifying questions can lead to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Sanidhya Vijayvargiya , Xuhui Zhou , Akhila Yerukola , Maarten Sap , Graham Neubig

Language models have recently achieved strong performance across a wide range of NLP benchmarks. However, unlike benchmarks, real world tasks are often poorly specified, and agents must deduce the user's intended behavior from a combination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Alex Tamkin , Kunal Handa , Avash Shrestha , Noah Goodman

Multi-Agentic AI systems, powered by large language models (LLMs), are inherently non-deterministic and prone to silent failures such as drift, cycles, and missing details in outputs, which are difficult to detect. We introduce the task of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Divya Pathak , Harshit Kumar , Anuska Roy , Felix George , Mudit Verma , Pratibha Moogi

Multi-agent systems achieve state-of-the-art outcomes through peer collaboration. However, when an agent in the pipeline silently drops a constraint, the system's final output may look correct even though the reasoning chain was quietly…

Ensuring the safety and reliability of large language models (LLMs) in clinical practice is critical to prevent patient harm. However, LLMs are advancing so rapidly that static benchmarks quickly become obsolete or prone to overfitting,…

Despite the impressive performance of large language models (LLMs) across various benchmarks, their ability to address ambiguously specified problems--frequent in real-world interactions--remains underexplored. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Katarzyna Kobalczyk , Nicolas Astorga , Tennison Liu , Mihaela van der Schaar

Agentic AI systems are increasingly being integrated into scientific workflows, yet their behavior under realistic conditions remains insufficiently understood. We evaluate CMBAgent across two workflow paradigms and eighteen astrophysical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Shivam Rawat , Lucie Flek

As Large Language Models transition to autonomous agents, user inputs frequently violate cooperative assumptions (e.g., implicit intent, missing parameters, false presuppositions, or ambiguous expressions), creating execution risks that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Han Bao , Zheyuan Zhang , Pengcheng Jing , Zhengqing Yuan , Kaiwen Shi , Yanfang Ye

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly impacted data science workflows, giving rise to specialized data science agents designed to automate analytical tasks. Despite rapid adoption, systematic benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Ram Mohan Rao Kadiyala , Siddhant Gupta , Jebish Purbey , Giulio Martini , Ali Shafique , Suman Debnath , Hamza Farooq

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced the automation of data science workflows. Yet it remains unclear whether they can critically leverage external domain knowledge as human data scientists do in practice. To answer this question, we…

As a part of an embodied agent, Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically used for behavior planning given natural language instructions from the user. However, dealing with ambiguous instructions in real-world environments remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Anastasiia Ivanova , Eva Bakaeva , Zoya Volovikova , Alexey K. Kovalev , Aleksandr I. Panov

Data science agents promise to accelerate discovery and insight-generation by turning data into executable analyses and findings. Yet existing data science benchmarks fall short due to fragmented evaluation interfaces that make…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Fan Nie , Junlin Wang , Harper Hua , Federico Bianchi , Yongchan Kwon , Zhenting Qi , Owen Queen , Shang Zhu , James Zou

Enterprise agents increasingly operate inside scoped retrieval systems, delegated workflows, and policy-constrained evidence environments. In these settings, access control can be enforced correctly while the system still produces an answer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Krti Tallam

Language-conditioned policies have recently gained substantial adoption in robotics as they allow users to specify tasks using natural language, making them highly versatile. While much research has focused on improving the action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Eugenio Chisari , Jan Ole von Hartz , Fabien Despinoy , Abhinav Valada

Standard evaluation metrics for machine learning -- accuracy, precision, recall, and AUROC -- assume that all errors are equivalent: a confident incorrect prediction is penalized identically to an uncertain one. For discrete commitment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Datorien L. Anderson

When an LLM-based embodied agent fails at a household task, the culprit could be misidentified objects, forgotten sub-goals, or poor action sequencing -- yet existing benchmarks report only a single success rate, making it impossible to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yunn Kang Lim , Pengzhan Sun , Ziyi Bai , Xun Xu , Angela Yao , Xulei Yang , Shijie Li

Ambiguity in natural language is a significant obstacle for achieving accurate text to structured data mapping through large language models (LLMs), which affects the performance of tasks such as mapping text to agentic tool calling and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zhibo Hu , Chen Wang , Yanfeng Shu , Hye-Young Paik , Liming Zhu

Evaluation is no longer a final checkpoint in the machine learning lifecycle. As AI systems evolve from static models to compound, tool-using agents, evaluation becomes a core control function. The question is no longer "How good is the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Ali El Filali , Inès Bedar

Large Language Models (LLMs) are intended to reflect human linguistic competencies. But humans have access to a broad and embodied context, which is key in detecting and resolving linguistic ambiguities, even in isolated text spans. A…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Amber Shore , Russell Scheinberg , Ameeta Agrawal , So Young Lee

LLM-based agents are increasingly deployed for routine but consequential tasks in real-world domains, where their behavior is governed by inherently ambiguous domain policies that admit multiple valid interpretations. Despite the prevalence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Hsuvas Borkakoty , Sebastian Pohl , Cheng Wang , Bei Chen , Yufang Hou
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