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Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have achieved strong performance across a range of vision and language tasks. However, their spatial reasoning capabilities are under-investigated. In this paper, we construct a novel VQA dataset, Spatial-MM,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Fatemeh Shiri , Xiao-Yu Guo , Mona Golestan Far , Xin Yu , Gholamreza Haffari , Yuan-Fang Li

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in visual understanding. This impressive leap raises a compelling question: how can language models, initially trained solely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Jing Bi , Junjia Guo , Yunlong Tang , Lianggong Bruce Wen , Zhang Liu , Chenliang Xu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) promise advanced vision language capabilities, yet their effectiveness in visually presented mathematics remains underexplored. This paper analyzes the development and evaluation of MLLMs for…

Visual reasoning, particularly spatial reasoning, is a challenging cognitive task that requires understanding object relationships and their interactions within complex environments, especially in robotics domain. Existing vision_language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Simindokht Jahangard , Mehrzad Mohammadi , Abhinav Dhall , Hamid Rezatofighi

Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPMs) are frequently used in evaluating human's visual reasoning ability. Researchers have made considerable efforts in developing systems to automatically solve the RPM problem, often through a black-box…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Wentao He , Jianfeng Ren , Ruibin Bai , Xudong Jiang

Robot vision has greatly benefited from advancements in multimodal fusion techniques and vision-language models (VLMs). We adopt a task-oriented perspective to systematically review the applications and advancements of multimodal fusion…

A recent advancement in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) research is the emergence of "reasoning MLLMs" that offer explicit control over their internal thinking processes (normally referred as the "thinking mode") alongside the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Jindong Hong , Tianjie Chen , Lingjie Luo , Chuanyang Zheng , Ting Xu , Haibao Yu , Jianing Qiu , Qianzhong Chen , Suning Huang , Yan Xu , Yong Gui , Yijun He , Jiankai Sun

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have shown promise in vision-language tasks but struggle with high-resolution input and detailed scene understanding. Addressing these challenges, we introduce Monkey to enhance LMM capabilities. Firstly,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Zhang Li , Biao Yang , Qiang Liu , Zhiyin Ma , Shuo Zhang , Jingxu Yang , Yabo Sun , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai

Large and small language models have been widely used for robotic task planning. At the same time, vision-language models (VLMs) have successfully tackled problems such as image captioning, scene understanding, and visual question…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Cristiano Battistini , Riccardo Andrea Izzo , Gianluca Bardaro , Matteo Matteucci

The ability to understand and reason about spatial relationships between objects in images is an important component of visual reasoning. This skill rests on the ability to recognize and localize objects of interest and determine their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Navid Rajabi , Jana Kosecka

While visual question-answering (VQA) benchmarks have catalyzed the development of reasoning techniques, they have focused on vertical thinking. Effective problem-solving also necessitates lateral thinking, which remains understudied in AI…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Koen Kraaijveld , Yifan Jiang , Kaixin Ma , Filip Ilievski

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) techniques have recently yielded promising results for real-world autonomous racing using high-dimensional observations. MBRL agents, such as Dreamer, solve long-horizon tasks by building a world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Elena Shrestha , Chetan Reddy , Hanxi Wan , Yulun Zhuang , Ram Vasudevan

Designing powerful tools that support cooking activities has rapidly gained popularity due to the massive amounts of available data, as well as recent advances in machine learning that are capable of analyzing them. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Micael Carvalho , Rémi Cadène , David Picard , Laure Soulier , Nicolas Thome , Matthieu Cord

Large vision-language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on multimodal tasks but often suffer from hallucination and poor grounding in knowledge-intensive reasoning. We propose SmoGVLM, a small, graph-enhanced VLM that integrates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Debjyoti Mondal , Rituraj Singh , Subhadarshi Panda

Large neural networks can now generate jokes, but do they really "understand" humor? We challenge AI models with three tasks derived from the New Yorker Cartoon Caption Contest: matching a joke to a cartoon, identifying a winning caption,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Jack Hessel , Ana Marasović , Jena D. Hwang , Lillian Lee , Jeff Da , Rowan Zellers , Robert Mankoff , Yejin Choi

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved significant advancements in tasks like Visual Question Answering (VQA) by leveraging foundational Large Language Models (LLMs). However, their abilities in specific areas such as visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Mohamed Fazli Imam , Chenyang Lyu , Alham Fikri Aji

Although most current large multimodal models (LMMs) can already understand photos of natural scenes and portraits, their understanding of abstract images, e.g., charts, maps, or layouts, and visual reasoning capabilities remains quite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Wenqi Zhang , Zhenglin Cheng , Yuanyu He , Mengna Wang , Yongliang Shen , Zeqi Tan , Guiyang Hou , Mingqian He , Yanna Ma , Weiming Lu , Yueting Zhuang

How do multimodal models solve visual spatial tasks -- through genuine planning, or through brute-force search in token space? We introduce \textsc{MazeBench}, a benchmark of 110 procedurally generated maze images across nine controlled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Alberto G. Rodriguez Salgado

Large multimodal models exhibit remarkable intelligence, yet their embodied cognitive abilities during motion in open-ended urban 3D space remain to be explored. We introduce a benchmark to evaluate whether video-large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Baining Zhao , Jianjie Fang , Zichao Dai , Ziyou Wang , Jirong Zha , Weichen Zhang , Chen Gao , Yue Wang , Jinqiang Cui , Xinlei Chen , Yong Li

Transformers have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in multi-step reasoning tasks. However, understandings of the underlying mechanisms by which they acquire these abilities through training remain limited, particularly from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Tong Yang , Yu Huang , Yingbin Liang , Yuejie Chi
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