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Theory of computer calculations strongly depends on the nature of elements the computer is made of. Quantum interference allows to formulate the Shor factorization algorithm turned out to be more effective than any one written for classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-23 B. F. Kostenko , J. Pribish , M. Z. Yuriev

This paper proposes a formulation of the Active Debris Removal (ADR) Mission Design problem as a modified Time-Dependent Traveling Salesman Problem (TDTSP). The TDTSP is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem, whose solution is the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-24 Lorenzo Federici , Alessandro Zavoli , Guido Colasurdo

The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is an NP-optimization problem (NPO) that has been of great interest for decades for both, science and industry. The CVRP is a variant of the vehicle routing problem characterized by capacity…

With applications to many disciplines, the traveling salesman problem (TSP) is a classical computer science optimization problem with applications to industrial engineering, theoretical computer science, bioinformatics, and several other…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-26 Yihui He , Ming Xiang

We analyze two classic variants of the Traveling Salesman Problem using the toolkit of fine-grained complexity. Our first set of results is motivated by the Bitonic TSP problem: given a set of $n$ points in the plane, compute a shortest…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-12 Mark de Berg , Kevin Buchin , Bart M. P. Jansen , Gerhard Woeginger

Quantum annealers offer an efficient way to compute high quality solutions of NP-hard problems when expressed in a QUBO (quadratic unconstrained binary optimization) or an Ising form. This is done by mapping a problem onto the physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Elijah Pelofske , Georg Hahn , Hristo N. Djidjev

Current quantum computers can only solve optimization problems of a very limited size. For larger problems, decomposition methods are required in which the original problem is broken down into several smaller sub-problems. These are then…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-30 Zongji Li , Tobias Seidel , Michael Bortz , Raoul Heese

In this paper, we provide a novel strategy for solving Traveling Salesman Problem, which is a famous combinatorial optimization problem studied intensely in the TCS community. In particular, we consider the imitation learning framework,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Pingbang Hu

We present a scalable, high-performance algorithm that deterministically solves large-scale instances of the Traveling Salesman problem (in its asymmetric version, ATSP) to optimality using commercially available computing hardware. By…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Wissam Nakhle

This paper investigates the performance of quantum, classical, and hybrid solvers on the NP-hard Max-Cut and QUBO problems, examining their solution quality relative to the global optima and their computational efficiency. We benchmark the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-11 Jaka Vodeb , Vid Eržen , Timotej Hrga , Janez Povh

In the era of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computing, available quantum resources are limited. Many NP-hard problems can be efficiently addressed using hybrid classical and quantum computational methods. This paper proposes a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Dongmei Liu , Jian Li , Xiubo Cheng , Shibing Zhang , Yan Chang , Lili Yan

Financial time-series forecasting remains a challenging task due to complex temporal dependencies and market fluctuations. This study explores the potential of hybrid quantum-classical approaches to assist in financial trend prediction by…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-20 Prashant Kumar Choudhary , Nouhaila Innan , Muhammad Shafique , Rajeev Singh

This work presents a tensor-network formulation of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) and several of its variants. The approach represents candidate tours with tensor-network layers, weights them by Boltzmann factors, and enforces…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Alejandro Mata Ali , Iñigo Perez Delgado , Aitor Moreno Fdez. de Leceta

We propose a new hybrid quantum algorithm based on the classical Ant Colony Optimization algorithm to produce approximate solutions for NP-hard problems, in particular optimization problems. First, we discuss some previously proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-30 Mikel Garcia de Andoin , Javier Echanobe

The Steiner Tree Problem (STP) is a well-known NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem, which has wide applications in network design, integrated circuit layout, bioinformatics, and other fields. However, traditional algorithms often…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Dan Li , Xiang-Hui Wu , Ji-Rong Liu

Generalized traveling salesman problem (GTSP) is an extension of classical traveling salesman problem (TSP), which is a combinatorial optimization problem and an NP-hard problem. In this paper, an efficient discrete state transition…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-09-22 Xiaolin Tang , Chunhua Yang , Xiaojun Zhou , Weihua Gui

The Steiner Traveling Salesman Problem (STSP) is a variant of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) that is particularly suitable when dealing with sparse networks, such as road networks. The standard integer programming formulation of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-03-20 Adam N. Letchford , Saeideh D. Nasiri , Dirk Oliver Theis

Quantum annealing has emerged as a promising approach for solving NP-hard optimization problems, leveraging quantum phenomena such as quantum tunneling to navigate complex energy landscapes. However, the extent to which quantum tunneling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Vishwajeet Ohal , Pierre Boulanger

This paper summarizes a quantum algorithm of [R.D. Somma, et.al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 130504 (2008)] that simulates a classical annealing process for solving discrete optimization problems. The complexity of the quantum algorithm scales…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-16 Sergio Boixo , Rolando D. Somma

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classic NP-hard combinatorial optimization task with numerous practical applications. Classic heuristic solvers can attain near-optimal performance for small problem instances, but become…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Michael Li , Eric Bae , Christopher Haberland , Natasha Jaques