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Electrocardiogram (ECG) biometrics have emerged as a promising modality for continuous, liveness-aware authentication in wearable systems. However, many prior studies report overly optimistic results due to data leakage (e.g., random splits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Milad Parvan

Biometric authentication prospered because of its convenient use and security. Early generations of biometric mechanisms suffer from spoofing attacks. Recently, unobservable physiological signals (e.g., Electroencephalogram,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Lin Li , Chao Chen , Lei Pan , Leo Yu Zhang , Zhifeng Wang , Jun Zhang , Yang Xiang

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is critical for diagnosing and monitoring cardiac health, but obtaining large-scale annotated ECG datasets is labor-intensive and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Mingsheng Cai , Jiuming Jiang , Wenhao Huang , Che Liu , Rossella Arcucci

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death worldwide. While there is growing evidence that the atrial fibrillation (AF) has strong associations with various CVDs, this heart arrhythmia is usually diagnosed using…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-13 Wei-Ying Yi , Peng-Fei Liu , Sheung-Lai Lo , Ya-Fen Chan , Yu Zhou , Yee Leung , Kam-Sang Woo , Alex Pui-Wai Lee , Jia-Min Chen , Kwong-Sak Leung

Consumer-grade smartwatches offer a new personalized health monitoring option for general consumers globally as cardiovascular diseases continue to prevail as the leading cause of global mortality. The development and validation of reliable…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Jathushan Kaetheeswaran , Boyi Ma , Ali Abedi , Milad Lankarany , Shehroz Khan

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and sustained hypertension is an often silent risk factor, making cuffless continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring with wearable devices important for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Yiqiao Chen , Fazheng Xu , Zijian Huang , Juchi He , Zhenghui Feng

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis is a fundamental tool for diagnosing cardiovascular conditions, yet anomaly detection in ECG signals remains challenging due to their inherent complexity and variability. We propose Multi-scale Masked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Ya Zhou , Yujie Yang , Jianhuang Gan , Xiangjie Li , Jing Yuan , Wei Zhao

Remote patient monitoring based on wearable single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) devices has significant potential for enabling the early detection of heart disease, especially in combination with artificial intelligence (AI) approaches for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-30 Aruna Mohan , Danne Elbers , Or Zilbershot , Fatemeh Afghah , David Vorchheimer

The growing demand for continuous physiological monitoring and human-machine interaction in real-world settings calls for wearable platforms that are flexible, low-power, and capable of on-device intelligence. This work presents…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Sebastian Frey , Giusy Spacone , Andrea Cossettini , Marco Guermandi , Philipp Schilk , Luca Benini , Victor Kartsch

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely used tool for assessing cardiac function due to its low cost and accessibility. Emergent research shows that ECGs can help make predictions on key outcomes traditionally derived from more complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yuan Gao , Sangwook Kim , Chris McIntosh

Analyzing the cardiovascular system condition via Electrocardiography (ECG) is a common and highly effective approach, and it has been practiced and perfected over many decades. ECG sensing is non-invasive and relatively easy to acquire,…

Cardiac arrhythmias are a leading cause of life-threatening cardiac events, highlighting the urgent need for accurate and timely detection. Electrocardiography (ECG) remains the clinical gold standard for arrhythmia diagnosis; however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Zuraiz Baig , Sidra Nasir , Rizwan Ahmed Khan , Muhammad Zeeshan Ul Haque

Diagnosing pre-existing heart diseases early in life is important as it helps prevent complications such as pulmonary hypertension, heart rhythm problems, blood clots, heart failure and sudden cardiac arrest. To identify such diseases,…

Twelve-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) are the clinical gold standard for cardiac diagnosis, providing comprehensive spatial coverage of the heart necessary to detect conditions such as myocardial infarction (MI). However, their lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xinyan Guan , Yongfan Lai , Jiarui Jin , Jun Li , Haoyu Wang , Qinghao Zhao , Deyun Zhang , Shijia Geng , Shenda Hong

Electrocardiogram (ECG) classification is crucial for automated cardiac disease diagnosis, yet existing methods often struggle to capture local morphological details and long-range temporal dependencies simultaneously. To address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Md Kamrujjaman Mobin , Md Saiful Islam , Sadik Al Barid , Md Masum

Accurate prediction of cardiovascular diseases remains imperative for early diagnosis and intervention, necessitating robust and precise predictive models. Recently, there has been a growing interest in multi-modal learning for uncovering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Francesco Girlanda , Olga Demler , Bjoern Menze , Neda Davoudi

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal exhibits inherent uniqueness, making it a promising biometric modality for identity authentication. As a result, ECG authentication has gained increasing attention in recent years. However, most existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Mingyu Dong , Zhidong Zhao , Hao Wang , Yefei Zhang , Yanjun Deng

Artificially intelligent perception is increasingly present in the lives of every one of us. Vehicles are no exception, (...) In the near future, pattern recognition will have an even stronger role in vehicles, as self-driving cars will…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-23 João Ribeiro Pinto

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) can be diagnosed using various diagnostic modalities. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a cost-effective and widely available diagnostic aid that provides functional information of the heart. However, its ability…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-09 Özgün Turgut , Philip Müller , Paul Hager , Suprosanna Shit , Sophie Starck , Martin J. Menten , Eimo Martens , Daniel Rueckert

Tasks ranging from sleep staging to clinical diagnosis traditionally rely on standard polysomnography (PSG) devices, bedside monitors and wearable devices, which capture diverse nocturnal biosignals (e.g., EEG, EOG, ECG, SpO$_2$). However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Weixuan Yuan , Zengrui Jin , Yichen Wang , Donglin Xie , Ziyi Ye , Chao Zhang , Xuesong Chen