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Large transformer-based language models (LMs) trained on huge text corpora have shown unparalleled generation capabilities. However, controlling attributes of the generated language (e.g. switching topic or sentiment) is difficult without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Sumanth Dathathri , Andrea Madotto , Janice Lan , Jane Hung , Eric Frank , Piero Molino , Jason Yosinski , Rosanne Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly becoming valuable to corporate data management due to their ability to process text from various document formats and facilitate user interactions through natural language queries. However, LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Dren Fazlija , Arkadij Orlov , Sandipan Sikdar

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used for automated code generation, yet their apparent successes often mask a tension between pretraining objectives and alignment choices. While pretraining encourages models to exploit all available…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Oussama Ben Sghaier , Kevin Delcourt , Houari Sahraoui

Large Language Models (LLMs), primarily trained on text-based datasets, exhibit exceptional proficiencies in understanding and executing complex linguistic instructions via text outputs. However, they falter when requests to generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Xinyu Wang , Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu

The interactive nature of Large Language Models (LLMs), which closely track user data and context, has prompted users to share personal and private information in unprecedented ways. Even when users opt out of allowing their data to be used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-26 GodsGift Uzor , Hasan Al-Qudah , Ynes Ineza , Abdul Serwadda

With the wide adoption of language models for IR -- and specifically RAG systems -- the latency of the underlying LLM becomes a crucial bottleneck, since the long contexts of retrieved passages lead large prompts and therefore, compute…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Cornelius Kummer , Lena Jurkschat , Michael Färber , Sahar Vahdati

Large language models (LLMs) effectively generate fluent text when the target output follows natural language patterns. However, structured prediction tasks confine the output format to a limited ontology, causing even very large models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Derek Chen , Celine Lee , Yunan Lu , Domenic Rosati , Zhou Yu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated potential in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but such training typically demands substantial efforts in creating and annotating data. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hangfan Zhang , Siyuan Xu , Zhimeng Guo , Huaisheng Zhu , Shicheng Liu , Xinrun Wang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Yang Chen , Peng Ye , Lei Bai , Shuyue Hu

Large language models (LLMs) do not preserve privacy at inference-time. The LLM's outputs can inadvertently reveal information about the model's context, which presents a privacy challenge when the LLM is augmented via tools or databases…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Rushil Thareja , Preslav Nakov , Praneeth Vepakomma , Nils Lukas

Role-based access control (RBAC) and hierarchical structures are foundational to how information flows and decisions are made within virtually all organizations. As the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to serve as unified knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Debdeep Sanyal , Umakanta Maharana , Yash Sinha , Hong Ming Tan , Shirish Karande , Mohan Kankanhalli , Murari Mandal

Ensuring that Large Language Models (LLMs) generate text representative of diverse sub-populations is essential, particularly when key concepts related to under-represented groups are scarce in the training data. We address this challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Sabit Hassan , Anthony Sicilia , Malihe Alikhani

We present Apertus, a fully open suite of large language models (LLMs) designed to address two systemic shortcomings in today's open model ecosystem: data compliance and multilingual representation. Unlike many prior models that release…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Project Apertus , Alejandro Hernández-Cano , Alexander Hägele , Allen Hao Huang , Angelika Romanou , Antoni-Joan Solergibert , Barna Pasztor , Bettina Messmer , Dhia Garbaya , Eduard Frank Ďurech , Ido Hakimi , Juan García Giraldo , Mete Ismayilzada , Negar Foroutan , Skander Moalla , Tiancheng Chen , Vinko Sabolčec , Yixuan Xu , Michael Aerni , Badr AlKhamissi , Inés Altemir Mariñas , Mohammad Hossein Amani , Matin Ansaripour , Ilia Badanin , Harold Benoit , Emanuela Boros , Nicholas Browning , Fabian Bösch , Maximilian Böther , Niklas Canova , Camille Challier , Clement Charmillot , Jonathan Coles , Jan Deriu , Arnout Devos , Lukas Drescher , Daniil Dzenhaliou , Maud Ehrmann , Dongyang Fan , Simin Fan , Silin Gao , Miguel Gila , María Grandury , Diba Hashemi , Alexander Hoyle , Jiaming Jiang , Mark Klein , Andrei Kucharavy , Anastasiia Kucherenko , Frederike Lübeck , Roman Machacek , Theofilos Manitaras , Andreas Marfurt , Kyle Matoba , Simon Matrenok , Henrique Mendonça , Fawzi Roberto Mohamed , Syrielle Montariol , Luca Mouchel , Sven Najem-Meyer , Jingwei Ni , Gennaro Oliva , Matteo Pagliardini , Elia Palme , Andrei Panferov , Léo Paoletti , Marco Passerini , Ivan Pavlov , Auguste Poiroux , Kaustubh Ponkshe , Nathan Ranchin , Javi Rando , Mathieu Sauser , Jakhongir Saydaliev , Muhammad Ali Sayfiddinov , Marian Schneider , Stefano Schuppli , Marco Scialanga , Andrei Semenov , Kumar Shridhar , Raghav Singhal , Anna Sotnikova , Alexander Sternfeld , Ayush Kumar Tarun , Paul Teiletche , Jannis Vamvas , Xiaozhe Yao , Hao Zhao , Alexander Ilic , Ana Klimovic , Andreas Krause , Caglar Gulcehre , David Rosenthal , Elliott Ash , Florian Tramèr , Joost VandeVondele , Livio Veraldi , Martin Rajman , Thomas Schulthess , Torsten Hoefler , Antoine Bosselut , Martin Jaggi , Imanol Schlag

Various recent experimental results show that large language models (LLM) exhibit emergent abilities that are not present in small models. System performance is greatly improved after passing a certain critical threshold of scale. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Cheng-Shang Chang

Recent advancements in the field of Natural Language Processing, particularly the development of large-scale language models that are pretrained on vast amounts of knowledge, are creating novel opportunities within the realm of Knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Anisa Rula , Jennifer D'Souza

Tracking how data is mentioned and used in research papers provides critical insights for improving data discoverability, quality, and production. However, manually identifying and classifying dataset mentions across vast academic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Aivin V. Solatorio , Rafael Macalaba , James Liounis

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become integral to many applications, with system prompts serving as a key mechanism to regulate model behavior and ensure ethical outputs. In this paper, we introduce a novel backdoor attack that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Lu Yan , Siyuan Cheng , Xuan Chen , Kaiyuan Zhang , Guangyu Shen , Zhuo Zhang , Xiangyu Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with complex multi-step planning tasks, showing high rates of constraint violations and inconsistent solutions. Existing strategies such as Chain-of-Thought and ReAct rely on implicit state…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Annu Rana , Gaurav Kumar

Least privilege is a core security principle: grant each request only the minimum access needed to achieve its goal. Deployed language models almost never follow it, instead being exposed through a single API endpoint that serves all users…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Paulius Rauba , Dominykas Seputis , Patrikas Vanagas , Mihaela van der Schaar

Autonomous driving has made significant strides through data-driven techniques, achieving robust performance in standardized tasks. However, existing methods frequently overlook user-specific preferences, offering limited scope for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Chengkai Xu , Jiaqi Liu , Yicheng Guo , Yuhang Zhang , Peng Hang , Jian Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit emerging in-context learning abilities through prompt engineering. The recent progress in large-scale generative models has further expanded their use in real-world language applications. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Linyi Yang , Shuibai Zhang , Zhuohao Yu , Guangsheng Bao , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Ruochen Xu , Wei Ye , Xing Xie , Weizhu Chen , Yue Zhang