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The task of Text-to-SQL enables anyone to retrieve information from SQL databases using natural language. While this task has made substantial progress, the two primary evaluation metrics - Execution Accuracy (EXE) and Exact Set Matching…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Benjamin G. Ascoli , Yasoda Sai Ram Kandikonda , Jinho D. Choi

In addressing the pivotal role of translating natural language queries into SQL commands, we propose a suite of compact, fine-tuned models and self-refine mechanisms to democratize data access and analysis for non-expert users, mitigating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Lixia Wu , Peng Li , Junhong Lou , Lei Fu

Text-to-SQL is a crucial task toward developing methods for understanding natural language by computers. Recent neural approaches deliver excellent performance; however, models that are difficult to interpret inhibit future developments.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Yasufumi Taniguchi , Hiroki Nakayama , Kubo Takahiro , Jun Suzuki

In the context of the Text-to-SQL task, table and column descriptions are crucial for bridging the gap between natural language and database schema. This report proposes a method for automatically generating effective database descriptions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Yingqi Gao , Zhiling Luo

The proliferation of unstructured data poses a fundamental challenge to traditional database interfaces. While Text-to-SQL has democratized access to structured data, it remains incapable of interpreting semantic or multi-modal queries.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Zhengren Wang , Dongwen Yao , Bozhou Li , Dongsheng Ma , Bo Li , Zhiyu Li , Feiyu Xiong , Bin Cui , Linpeng Tang , Wentao Zhang

Text-to-SQL is emerging as a practical interface for real world databases. The dominant paradigm for Text-to-SQL is cross-database or schema-independent, supporting application schemas unseen during training. The schema of a database…

Text-to-SQL is a task to generate SQL queries from human utterances. However, due to the variation of natural language, two semantically equivalent utterances may appear differently in the lexical level. Likewise, user preferences (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Pingchuan Ma , Shuai Wang

NoSQL databases have been widely adopted in big data analytics, geospatial applications, and healthcare services, due to their flexibility and scalability. However, querying NoSQL databases requires specialized technical expertise, creating…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Xubang Xiong , Raymond Chi-Wing Wong , Yuanfeng Song

In Natural Language Processing (NLP), one of the most important tasks is text-to-SQL semantic parsing, which focuses on enabling users to interact with the database in a more natural manner. In recent years, text-to-SQL has made significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Saleh Almohaimeed , Saad Almohaimeed , Mansour Al Ghanim , Liqiang Wang

The task of text-to-SQL parsing, which aims at converting natural language questions into executable SQL queries, has garnered increasing attention in recent years, as it can assist end users in efficiently extracting vital information from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Jinyang Li , Binyuan Hui , Reynold Cheng , Bowen Qin , Chenhao Ma , Nan Huo , Fei Huang , Wenyu Du , Luo Si , Yongbin Li

Relational databases often suffer from uninformative descriptors of table contents, such as ambiguous columns and hard-to-interpret values, impacting both human users and text-to-SQL models. In this paper, we explore the use of large…

Relational databases excel at structured data analysis, but real-world queries increasingly require capabilities beyond standard SQL, such as semantically matching entities across inconsistent names, extracting information not explicitly…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yin Lin , Tianjing Zeng , Zhongjun Ding , Rong Zhu , Bolin Ding , H. V. Jagadish , Jingren Zhou

Translating users' natural language questions into SQL queries (i.e., NL2SQL) significantly lowers the barriers to accessing relational databases. The emergence of Large Language Models has introduced a novel paradigm in NL2SQL tasks,…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Boyan Li , Yuyu Luo , Chengliang Chai , Guoliang Li , Nan Tang

Recent progress in language model pre-training has achieved a great success via leveraging large-scale unstructured textual data. However, it is still a challenge to apply pre-training on structured tabular data due to the absence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Qian Liu , Bei Chen , Jiaqi Guo , Morteza Ziyadi , Zeqi Lin , Weizhu Chen , Jian-Guang Lou

Text-to-SQL generation enables non-experts to interact with databases via natural language. Recent advances rely on large closed-source models like GPT-4 that present challenges in accessibility, privacy, and latency. To address these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Satya Krishna Gorti , Ilan Gofman , Zhaoyan Liu , Jiapeng Wu , Noël Vouitsis , Guangwei Yu , Jesse C. Cresswell , Rasa Hosseinzadeh

This study presents a comparative analysis of the a complex SQL benchmark, TPC-DS, with two existing text-to-SQL benchmarks, BIRD and Spider. Our findings reveal that TPC-DS queries exhibit a significantly higher level of structural…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Limin Ma , Ken Pu , Ying Zhu

Mechanistic interpretability research faces a gap between analyzing simple circuits in toy tasks and discovering features in large models. To bridge this gap, we propose text-to-SQL generation as an ideal task to study, as it combines the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Abir Harrasse , Philip Quirke , Clement Neo , Dhruv Nathawani , Luke Marks , Amir Abdullah

We present a neural approach called IRNet for complex and cross-domain Text-to-SQL. IRNet aims to address two challenges: 1) the mismatch between intents expressed in natural language (NL) and the implementation details in SQL; 2) the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Jiaqi Guo , Zecheng Zhan , Yan Gao , Yan Xiao , Jian-Guang Lou , Ting Liu , Dongmei Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language interfaces for databases, particularly in text-to-SQL conversion. However, current approaches often generate unreliable outputs when faced with ambiguity or insufficient…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Kaiwen Chen , Yueting Chen , Xiaohui Yu , Nick Koudas

Schema linking -- the process of aligning natural language questions with database schema elements -- is a critical yet underexplored component of Text-to-SQL systems. While recent methods have focused primarily on improving SQL generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Md Mahadi Hasan Nahid , Davood Rafiei , Weiwei Zhang , Yong Zhang